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JG&D Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Goryo/Shiryo

A

Angry ghost
Usually male, cause possession illness and natural disasters, if very powerful may be pacified/deified as beneficent kami (e.g. Michizane)

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2
Q

Ikiryo

A

Tama that leaves living body and possesses others (e.g. Lady Rokujo)

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3
Q

Shiryo

A

Tama that hangs around on earth after death

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4
Q

Tama

A

Life force in individual living beings (e.g. spirit)

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5
Q

Kami

A

Awe-inspiring sacred power in natural objects & phenomena (e.g. waterfall, thunder)
‘God-like’

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6
Q

Jobutsu

A

After death, with proper rituals the Tama becomes a Buddha

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7
Q

Muenbotoke

A

Medieval Buddhist term: tama with no link to the living, needs rituals to achieve peace/enlightenment

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8
Q

Ujigami

A

Communal life force, clan deity, combination of kami and tama/shiryo (e.g. Ameratsu, ancestor deity of Yamato clan)

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9
Q

Yakujin

A

Illness/epidemic kami

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10
Q

Yurei

A

Hazy, dim ghosts from edo period

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11
Q

Sugawara no Michizane

A

Heian period

  • Professor of literature
  • Governor
  • Appointed to high office
  • Exiled, prays and dies
  • 4 rivals struck dead
  • Emperor proclaims him as deity
  • Becomes Tenman Tenjin
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12
Q

Emperor Daigo

A

Emperor during Michizane’s story, he believes what Fujiwara tells him and orders the exile of Michizane

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13
Q

Fujiwara no Tokihira

A

Enemy/rival of Michizane, he falls ill and dies because the monk stops praying

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14
Q

Doken

A

Yamabushi ascetic that dies and has a vision of Michizane and revives

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15
Q

Lady Rokujo

A

High rank widow that desires Genji’s attention, her ikiryo possesses Lady Aoi after repressing her jealousy
Male ideal’s antithesis

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16
Q

Lady Aoi

A

Pregnant wife of Genji, vulnerable at time of possession

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17
Q

Murasaki Shikibu

A

Author of tale of Genji (Heian)

  • Daughter of a minor Fujiwara clan branch
  • Lady-in-waiting to empress
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18
Q

Iemon

A

Samurai that kills father of Oiwa, he also kills Oiwa and then gets haunted by her. He is murdered by Oiwa’s siblings that learnt about his secret.

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19
Q

Oiwa

A

Iemon’s wife (onryo after death)

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20
Q

Kohei

A

Iemon’s servant, acted as an admirer of Oiwa

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21
Q

Izumi Kyoka

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A

Popular modern japanese literature writer
Mysophobic
Oedipus complex
Wrote ‘The Holy man of Mount Koya’

22
Q

Miko

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A

Medium, commonly female, passive, lets spirits use her as a vehicle

23
Q

Ascetic

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A

Commonly male, active, travels to the spirit world

24
Q

Okiku

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A

Female edo ghost

  • Maid of samurai who wanted her as his mistress
  • Is referenced in the Chrysanthemum Beetle (Kikumushi)
25
Otsuyu
Sick daughter of a high-class family, gets visited from doctor and young samurai. He never returns so she dies and comes back to visit him with a lantern
26
Oyone
Servant or maid of Otsuyu, she dies for her and is loyal to her, makes trade with Samurai’s servants
27
Patrick Lafcadio Hearn
European-born American author, wrote novels/articles - Married a japanese and got a japanese citizenship - Translated Botan Doro (Passional Karma) into English
28
Edo/Tokugawa period
Premodern era - Politics: After Warring States Period, Tokugawa takes control - Religion: Away from Buddhism, towards Neo-Confucianism - Hierarchy based on filial piety - Economics: growth of merchant class, samurais become government admins (bureaucrats), mercantile urban economy flourishes
29
Edo class system
``` Emperor 1. Samurai 2. Peasants 3. Artisans 4. Merchants Prostitutes/outcasts ``` - Tension between samurais and merchants
30
Bushido (code of the samurai)
- Righteousness - Heroic courage - Benevolence/compassion - Integrity - Duty and loyalty
31
Heian period
Classical era - Widespread fear of angry ghosts - Exorcism specialists developed - Write poetry to impress women - Ghosts are presented as how they looked when they were alive
32
Kabuki theatre
Edo period - Instant popularity - Art of singing and dancing - Male performers mainly
33
Noh theatre
- After fear of ghosts waned, specialists lost their jobs as exorcists - First form of theater: theatrical representations of famous exorcisms - Minimalism (yugen): roof, pine trees, simple music, slow movement - Kyogen: comedic interludes
34
5 categories of Noh
1. God plays 2. Warrior plays 3. Women plays 4. Demon plays 5. Misc plays
35
Noh actors/roles
- Shite (doer): unenlightened one - Waki (sideman): sees universal truth - Tsure (companion)
36
Obon festival
Annual Buddhist event to celebrate ancestors | - Lanterns guide ghosts to material world and back to spirit world
37
Parable of Burning house
Father = Buddha Children = sentient beings that are lured by pleasures Big cart = nirvana Buddha guides people to enlightenment before the flames entrap them in sinful pleasures
38
Setsuwa
Spoken story - Two types: 1. General: doctrinal matters 2. Buddhist: strange and miraculous
39
Shamanism
Two worlds: spirit and material Two functions: 1. Prophecies 2. Pacification/exorcism
40
4 oracles on Michizane
Michizane communicates through oracles - Prostitute (political) proclaims that rebel is the new emperor - Doken’s dream oracle: he is not the god of thunder and lightning - Peasant: vision to build a shrine - 7-year-old son of priest:
41
Yin-Yang
``` Harmony: opposite forces that are interconnected and interdependent - Taoist concept Characteristics: - Unity and perfect harmony - Exist in each other ```
42
Yugen
Japanese aesthetics - Elegance, mournful beauty - Minimalism - Important in Noh drama - Beauty in mysterious and darkness
43
Tale of Genji
- Aoi no Ue (Noh) - The Wildwood Shrine (Noh) Characters: - Lady Rokujo - Lady Aoi
44
Ghost story of Yotsuya
Characters: Iemon, Oiwa, Kohei | Film and Kabuki play
45
Passional Karma, Botan Doro, Peony lantern
Characters: Otsuyu and Oyone - One of the most famous kaidan - Obon festival
46
Okiku and Kikumushi
Film - dish mansion at Bancho Literature - Chrysanthemum beetle - A reflection of Okiku’s story in the modern world
47
Legend of the white snake
Noh - Dojoji - Setsuwa - Serpent woman disguised as a dancer - Daughter of high-class man
48
Holy man of mount koya
``` Characters: I, monk, woman, husband, old man Themes: - modern vs classic - Motherhood - Symbolisms (leeches, water, crossroad) ```
49
The ring
Economic background - Technological advancements - Psychological purge, reflects the anxiety in society surrounding the economic decline
50
Ugetsu (film)
- Warring states period - Men leave their wives to pursue their dreams - Wanted to feel the joys of a woman (love), muenbotoke
51
Ugetsu (literatures)
Reed-choked house - man goes to capital to earn money, leaves her wife and gets sick, he stays in capital for 7 years Serpent’s lust - heian period

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