Jinnah and the Making of Pakistan Flashcards
(28 cards)
What did Muslims demand?
The creation of a separate Pakistan state
Why were the Muslims not a united community?
Divided by ethnic background, language and sect
What was the main ethnic division between?
The descendants of the Arab and Turkish invaders of India
Who were some Muslims?
Hindu reverts to Islam
How was there no Muslim language in India?
Shared with their Hindu neighbours
- Bengali, Punjabi, Gujazati and Tamil
What was another factor limiting Muslim unity?
Sunni and Shia sects of Islam
What emerged as a result of Brit introducing Elected councils?
Political priorities and interests of Muslims
Where were the majorities of Muslims?
Punjabs and Bengal
What was the United provinces?
Hindu dominated area where Muslims lived
Why was Jinnah an enigmatic and controversial figure?
Demanded creation of Pkstan yet ate pork, drank alcohol
What did Jinnah begin and end his career as?
Begin - Respected leader of the INC
End - Implacable opponent
Although Jinnah could not speak all languages, how did he captivate audiences of millions?
Campaigning for Pkstan
Why was Jinnah a good leader for the ML?
His inscrutability and stubborn support for the Pakistan demand
What did Mountbatten say during his meetings with Jinnah?
“Jinnah must be a psychopathic case”
Why did Mountbatten say this?
Jinnah had not been listening to any of his arguments, but his own
What became Jinnah’s political hallmarks?
Acquiring the English manner and appearance
Belief in the effectiveness of parliamentary democracy
Who went to Jinnah’s home in Hampstead?
Liaqat
What did Liaqat stress?
The Indian Muslims’ need for Jinnah’s experienced leadership
What presented Jinnah with an opportunity to regain his former influence?
Gov of India Act 1935
What has this picture of Jinnah become?
An able single minded political tactician that knows how to take advantage of rising opportunities
Who was Sikander Hayat Khan?
Punjabi leader
What did Jinnah deal with Sikander?
1937 elections -
Allowed him to control ML organisation in Punjab in exchange for support in national politics
Why did Congress blunder in the 1937 elections?
Their success enabled them to form ministries in 7/11 provinces
How did Congress blunder in the 1937 elections?
Lacked effort to understand + respect Muslim populations’ cultural and religious practices
