Jm Flashcards
(51 cards)
act of saying
something or the actual
words spoken.
• The simple act of speakin
Locution
An utterance that provides
information.
• Example: You have an
interview tomorrow at 9:00 am
Transaction
An utterance that emphasizes
on getting something done.
• Example: You should arrive 10
minutes prior to your interview.
Referential
An illocutionary act basically
describes the action that a
speaker performs while speaking.
The person speaking marks a
locutionary act by showing intent
behind his or her words.
Illocution
stating,
suggesting, asserting, describing,
insisting, swearing, and concluding
Assertives
Examples are requesting, ordering,
challenging, daring, commanding,
pleading, and asking (someone to
perform an action), you
Directives
(asking/requesting)
Directives
• a. The speaker pledges to a
future plan.
• b. Examples include offering,
promising, vowing, and
planning.
Commisive
I will never go out without rubbing
alcohol from now on. (promising)
• I’ll never break your heart. (vowing)
• We should schedule another
meeting at exactly 10:00 am.
(planning)
Commisive
a. The speaker states his thoughts
or emotions about a particular
situation.
• b. Examples are congratulating,
thanking, apologizing, condoling,
and welcoming
Expressive
Please forgive me for getting upset
about a simple thing. (apologizing)
• I’m so sorry for your loss.
(condoling)
• I appreciate the help you gave me
during the quarantine. (thanking)
Expressive
a. The speaker holds a certain
authority to bring about change by
simply saying the words.
• b. Examples of this kind are
appointing, nominating, baptizing,
blessing, declaring (war), and firing.
Declarations
• I would like to nominate Janelle
Roldan for class president.
(nominating)
• May the Lord be with you.
(blessing)
• Your contract is terminated
effective next week. (firing)
Declarations
act has an effect
over the listener’s feelings or actions.
• b. In other words, the speaker can
make someone do something without
saying it directly to them.
• c. The reaction of the listener can be
intended or not by the speaker.
Perlocution
Type of commucative strategy
• When beginning a topic in a
conversation, especially if it does not
arise from a previous topic, you may
start off with news inquiries and news
announcements as they promise
extended talk.
Nomination
• Greetings (Hello/Hi, Good morning)
• Questions (How are you? Did you know
that…, Have you heard about…? Are
you busy? Can I talk to you?)
• Statements (I have something to tell
you, I need your help)
Nomination
It refers to any limitation you
may have as a speaker.
• Instructions confine you as a
speaker and limit what you
can say.
Restriction
• It refers to how speakers address the
problems in speaking, listening, and
comprehending.
• It is the self-righting mechanism in any
social interaction (Schegloff et al.
1977)
Repair
5 types of repair
• Pardon?
• What is that again?
• Is everything clear?
• Did you get it?
• Kindly repeat.
• It refers to the use of close-
initiating expressions that end a
conversation.
• Most of the time, the topic initiator
takes responsibility to signal the
end of the conversation as well.
Termination
5 types of termination
• That would be all for today.
• See you next time.
• Talk to you later.
• Nice meeting you
• (Non verbal cues/signals)
• Sometimes, people are not given equal
opportunities to talk. Others take much
time during the conversation.
• Turn-taking pertains to the process of by
which people decide who takes the
conversational floor.
Turn-taking
• It covers how procedural formality
and informality affect the
development of topic in
conversation.
• Question-Answer formula.
Topic control
