jnjfj Flashcards
4 gjj j34 (11 cards)
What was the Industrial Revolution?
The process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing.
This process began in Britain in the 18th century and spread to other parts of the world.
How did the Industrial Revolution change economies?
Transformed economies from agriculture and handicrafts to large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system.
New machines, power sources, and work organization made industries more productive and efficient.
How did the Industrial Revolution change society?
Increased overall wealth and distributed it more widely, enlarging the middle class, but also led to long hours of tedious and dangerous work for many.
This resulted in the trade union movement and widespread pollution.
What are the factors that caused the Industrial Revolution?
- Efficient agriculture
- Coal as a cheap fuel
- Significant urbanization
- High cost of labor
- Intercontinental trade opportunities
- Government support of business
- Innovation and entrepreneurship
The movement changed people’s way of life and methods of manufacture.
Who developed machines powered by water?
Richard Arkwright
These machines produced more goods more quickly for the growing population.
What agricultural innovations did Charles Townshend introduce?
Fertilizers and crop rotation systems
This allowed more food to be produced by fewer people.
What was the significance of Abraham Darby’s discovery?
Found a successful way of extracting iron from rocks using coal, massively increasing iron production.
This iron was essential for steam engines, machinery, railways, and bridges.
Who invented a new type of safety lamp for coal miners?
Humphrey Davy
This invention allowed miners to work longer and deeper without fear of explosions.
How did Isambard Kingdom Brunel contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
Improved the transport network by building railways and bridges for steam trains.
This facilitated the movement of fuel, people, and goods to and from factories.
What did James Watt produce that was significant for the Industrial Revolution?
Effective steam engines powered by coal
These engines made machines run more quickly and led to the development of steam trains.
Fill in the blank: The Industrial Revolution is the name given to the movement in which ______ changed people’s way of life.
[machines]
This includes methods of manufacture.
