Joe Gilboy Review

Question 1

What diabetic medication is highly associated with heart failure

Answer 1

Actos (Pioglitazone); Glitazones/TZD’s

DPP4 inhibitors/Gliptins

Question 2

Brand name of Methimazole

Answer 2

Tapazole

Question 3

ADR of sulfonylureas

Answer 3

hypoglycemia

Question 4

What diabetic medication can HELP with heart failure

Answer 4

SGLT2I's/Gliflozin's
eg Jardiance (empagliflozin)

Question 5

What electrolyte does glucose flow with?

Answer 5

K+

Question 6

What test should you always order with A fib?

Answer 6

TSH

Question 7

Which method of echo is the best?

Answer 7

Transesophageal (transthoracic is only for INITIAL)

Question 8

What Tx is contraindicated in WpW (wolff-parkinson-white)

Answer 8

CCB

Question 9

What do you tx WpW with?

Answer 9

Procainamide (during acute)

Question 10

MC valvular murmur

Answer 10

Aortic Stenosis

Question 11

2nd MC valvular murmur

Answer 11

Mitral Regurgitation

Question 12

Which murmurs increase with valsalva and standing

Answer 12

mitral valve prolapse

HCM

Question 13

Which murmurs increase with squating

Answer 13

all murmurs except mitral valve prolapse and HCM

Question 14

“Water-hammer pulse”

Answer 14

aortic regurgitation

Question 15

What drug is first line if there is A fib caused by Graves Dz

Answer 15

beta blockers

thyroxine caused overstimulation of beta n.

Question 16

Pseudomonas Pneumonia cases

Answer 16

ventilators
cystic fibrosis
COPD
malignancy

Question 17

What organism is the cause of pneumonia in alcoholics?

Answer 17

Klebsiella

Question 18

Causes of Legionella pneumonia

Answer 18

ice machines: bacteria + protozoa (gyms for bacteria)

Question 19

How to diagnose Legionella pneumonia

Answer 19

1. IFA

2. THEN DFA

Question 20

MC cause of viral pneumonia in kids

Answer 20

RSV

Question 21

MC cause of viral pneumonia in adults

Answer 21

Flu

Question 22

Who/what circumstances gets Staph aureus pneumonia?

Answer 22

POST-viral flu, esp in NURSING HOMES

Question 23

What causative organism usually goes along with H. influenza pneumonia?

Answer 23

Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 24

“Lobar” pneumonia is usually

Answer 24

strep pneumoniae 85%

Question 25

Serevent is the brand name for

Answer 25

Salmeterol (LABA)

Question 26

"Massage therapists" of atria (medications) and what can they treat

Answer 26

flecainide (outpt) Ibutilide procainamide Tx: WpW

Question 27

ASA v Plavix

Answer 27

ASA is quick but not strong | Plavix is stronger

Question 28

When can you not treat a fib?

Answer 28

young (<60yo) and controlled rate

Question 29

Tx of isolated A fib with no other comorbidities

Answer 29

plavix

Question 30

Amiodarone toxicity

Answer 30

thyroid tox lung tox liver tox

Question 31

High Risk comorbidity with A fib

Answer 31

DM, treat with Xa inhibitors (DOAC)

Question 32

What jacks everything up?

Answer 32

Carbamazepine | Azoles

Question 33

Tx of A flutter

Answer 33

CCB + flecainide or ibutilide | CARDIOVERT

Question 34

SVT Tx

Answer 34

``` Vagal Maneuver Adenosine CCB Cardiovert flecainide or ibutilide (outpt) bc problem in atria ```

Question 35

Tx: VTach, pulse, stable BP

Answer 35

amiodarone, procainamide

Question 36

Tx: VTach, pulse, unstable BP

Answer 36

cardiovert

Question 37

Tx: VTach, no pulse

Answer 37

defibrillate

Question 38

Tx: V fib

Answer 38

defibrillate ASAP

Question 39

What should you think with PEA, no pulse, no BP

Answer 39

H's and T's: (consider in pulseless arrest) Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen ion (acidosis), Hyper-/hypokalemia, Hypoglycemia, Hypothermia. Toxins, Tamponade(cardiac),Tension pneumothorax, Thrombosis (coronary and pulmonary), and Trauma.

Question 40

Asystole Tx

Answer 40

CPR, epi

Question 41

Brugada Syndrome

Answer 41

very wide QRS. ST elevation + downward slope will go into V fib the wider, the worse tx: implantable defibrillator

Question 42

When does atria contract?

Answer 42

diastole

Question 43

ASD murmur

Answer 43

split S2, pulmonic ejection murmur RVH, pulmonic HTN blood moves from LA to RA

Question 44

S3

Answer 44

``` "Ken Tuc KY", ventricular gallop early diastole, COMPLIANT LV can be sign of systolic HF NORMAL in children, pregnancy early diastole, COMPLIANT LV ```

Question 45

S4

Answer 45

"TE Nuh See", atrial gallop late diastole, always PATHOLOGIC, NONcompliant LV can be sign of diastolic HF occurs in Aortic Stenosis

Question 46

S3 v Split S2

Answer 46

S3 is LOW pitch at APEX (bell) | Split S2 HIGH pitch at PULMONIC (diaphragm)

Question 47

syncope with exercise

Answer 47

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 48

chronic LVH can lead to

Answer 48

LBBB

Question 49

Coarctation of aorta

Answer 49

kink in aorta causing blood to back up in LV | LVH

Question 50

Why is NSAID avoided in pregnancy

Answer 50

miscarriage, malformation, premature closure of ductus arteriosus

Question 51

Patent ductus arteriosis Tx

Answer 51

indomethacin

Question 52

MC congenital heart defect

Answer 52

VSD, blood moves L to R during systole leads to pulm HTN HOLOsystolic murmur

Question 53

PDA murmur

Answer 53

continuous machinery murmur, loudest at aortic

Question 54

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 54

Overriding aorta RVH Pulmonic stenosis VSD

Question 55

What artery is affected in INFERIOR lead MI

Answer 55

RCA, MC

Question 56

Best BB for CHF

Answer 56

Carvedilol

Question 57

U wave

Answer 57

repolarization of purkinje fiber only present is T wave absent/abnormal in HYPOkalemia

Question 58

What drug should be avoided in AV Block T2 M1 Wenckebach

Answer 58

CCB

Question 59

Spiriva

Answer 59

tiotropium bromide, long acting anti-cholinergic | Tx COPD

Question 60

Atrovent

Answer 60

ipratropium bromide, short acting anti-cholinergic even short acting takes longer than albuterol (Beta2 antag) Tx COPD

Question 61

What can you get with using steroids in COPD

Answer 61

steroid dependence, inc glu, suppress immune get DMII, high mortality want to PREVENT use of oral steroids

Question 62

When does COPD need O2 supplement

Answer 62

PaO2 <55, PaCO2 >55 | "can't drive below 55"

Question 63

Organisms in COPD exacerbation

Answer 63

H Flu | M. Catarrhalis

Question 64

Tx pneumonia in COPD

Answer 64

Fluoroquinolones (Levaquin)

Question 65

COPD Tx

Answer 65

1. albuterol 2. anti-cholinergics 3. inhaled steroids 4. oral steroids

Question 66

small cell lung ca

Answer 66

rare more likely with smokers endocrine everywhere

Question 67

non-small cell lung ca types

Answer 67

adenocarcinoma: MC