Joes Anatomy - Joints Flashcards
(18 cards)
Define a fixed/a movable joint.
Fibrous joints were no movement as possible.
E.g. between the flat bones of the cranium (skull)
Define slightly movable or cartilaginous joints.
These joints provide a small range of movement. They are joined by Cartlidge and ligaments.
For example the joints between the vertebrae.
Define freely movable/synovial joints
These provide a large range of movement. They include ball and socket and hinge joints. Most joints are synovial.
Knee, shoulder, hip, elbow and ankle
Define joint.
The point at which two or more bones meet, allowing movement
What is a synovial membrane?
It lines the inside of the joint capsule and surrounds the joint capsule with synovial fluid.
What is synovial fluid for?
It is a lubricant that reduces friction, allows for smoother movement and reduces wear and tear
What is the purpose of a joint capsule?
The capsule surrounds and protects the joint and holds the bones together. It is made of a fibrous membrane and a synovial membrane.
Define ligaments.
They are strong elastic fibres that connect bones together and holds them together.
Define cartilage
strong flexible material found at the ends of bones. It cushions the bones.
Define tendons.
They are tough, fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone. It helps the joint withstand tension.
Describe a ball and socket joint
One bone has a bulge that fits into the socket of the other.
This joint provides a large range of movement but is less stable and more prone to injury. E.g. hip and shoulder joints.
Describe a hinge joint.
Only allows movement in one direction.
Located at the elbow or the knee. More stable and less prone to injury. The only movement possible is flexion and extension.
What is the characteristics of a condyloid- hinge joint?
You can move a joint up and down with slight rotation e.g. the knee.
What is a condyloid joint?
This joint moves up and down and side to side e.g. the wrist.
What is a pivot joint?
This joint allows fixed movement between bones. Rotation. E.g. the neck and spine.
What is a gliding joint?
Made up of two fleet services at slide across each other.
E.g. the hands and feet and the joints between the metacarpals and phalanges.
What is a saddle joint?
This joint moves more freely than the rest of fingers
E.g. the thumb.
What is the plane joint?
This is the joint between the tarsal bones of the foot.
