Joint dislocation Flashcards
1
Q
definition of joint dislocation
A
complete separation of 2 articulating bony surfaces, often caused by a sudden impact to the joint.
2
Q
definition of subluxation
A
partial or incomplete dislocation
3
Q
aetiology of dislocation
A
falls
sports
RTA
shoulder: abduction, external rotation, and extension, followed by a posterior-directed force
4
Q
risk factors for dislocation
A
- sports
- RTA
- ligamentous laxity
- ehlers-danlos syndrome
- young male
- women 60-80
- previous
- skeletal or muscular dysplasia
- external tibial torsion
- patella alta
5
Q
signs and sx of dislocation
A
- characteristic positioning
- pain
- inability to move the joint
- tenderness
- swelling
- normal neuro
- sciatic nerve injury if hip
- injury to the femoral artery, vein, nerve - hip
- cruiciate ligament injury - patella
- meniscal tear - patella
- ligamentous injury of knee with patella dysfunction
- patella/quad tendon rupture with patellar dislocation
6
Q
Ix for dislocation
A
XR
consider MRI/CT/arteriogram
7
Q
mx for dislocation
A
reduce and immobilise
call surgeons
8
Q
classification of hip dislocation
A
posterior - most common
* leg is shortened, adducted and internally rotated
anterior - lef is abducted and externally rotated
central
9
Q
signs and sx of hip dislocation
A
