Joints

Question 0

arthritis due to the aging process and involves no other predisposing dz

Answer 0

primary arthritis

Question 1

Progressive erosion of articular cartilage

Answer 1

osteoarthritis

Question 2

Where is the cellular basis of osteoarthritis?

Answer 2

chondrocytes

Question 3

Heberdon nodes (DIPs)

Answer 3

Osteoarthritis

Question 4

on x-ray, joint space narrowing, marginal osteophyte formation, subchondral bone cysts, and sclerosis

Answer 4

osteoarthritis

Question 5

Fibrous-lined cysts in the subchondral bone

Answer 5

progressive osteoarthritis

Question 6

These structures develop about the margins of the osteoarthritic joint

Answer 6

bony outgrowths (osteophytes or bone spurs)

Question 7

chronic, systemic inflammatory dz of uknown cause, characterized by polyarthritis which is often progressive and deforming

Answer 7

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 8

~80% of RA cases are associated with a group of … called…

Answer 8

anti IgG autoantibodiees; rheumatoid factor

Question 9

RA also has an association with certain … such as … encoded within ….

Answer 9

class II antigens; HLA-DR4; major histocompatibility complex

Question 10

RA is (monoarticular/polyarticular), (unilateral/bilateral), and (symmetrical/non symmetrical)

Answer 10

polyarticular, bilateral, symmetrical

Question 11

Bilateral, symmetrical, fusiform swelling and redness of the fingers at the PIP joints

Answer 11

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 12

The primary joint lesion in RA occurs in the … of affected joints and is called … and ….

Answer 12

synovial membrane; diffuse proliferative and exudative synovitis

Question 13

multiple layers of proliferated (hyperplastic) synoviocytes along with lymphocytic infiltration

Answer 13

rheumatoid synovitis

Question 14

What is Felty’s syndrome?

Answer 14

RA with splenomegaly and manifestations of hypersplenism (i.e. leukopenia)

Question 15

Inc lymphocytic infiltration in synovial fluid

Answer 15

RA

Question 16

chronic systemic polyarthritis of uknown etiology with onset at less than 16yo

Answer 16

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Question 17

newer, more specific test for RA

Answer 17

anti-citrulated protein antibody

Question 18

JRA is usu (symmetrical/non symmetrical)

Answer 18

symmetrical

Question 19

group of dzs characterized by inflammatory arthritis which most often in association with other conditions

Answer 19

seronegative spondyloarthropathies

Question 20

chronic inflammatory jt dz of the axial skeleton, esp the SI jts

Answer 20

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 21

Approximately 90% of cases of ankylosing spondylitis are … positive

Answer 21

HLA-B27

Question 22

boney outgrowths can fuse and produce spinal progressive low back pain

Answer 22

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 23

Chronic synovitis causes destruction of articular cartilage. Inflammation of the insertions of tendons and ligaments leads to boney outgrowths.

Answer 23

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 24

"bamboo spine"

Answer 24

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 25

Triad of arthritis, non-gonococcal urethritis or cervicitis, and conjunctivits

Answer 25

Reiter's syndrome

Question 26

80% of Reiter's syndrome pts are ... positive

Answer 26

HLA-B27

Question 27

GI infxns associated with Reiter's (4)

Answer 27

Shigella, Salmonella, Yersina, Campylobacter

Question 28

Most commonly associated G.U. infection associated with Reiter's

Answer 28

Chlamydia

Question 29

Spinal involvement may mimic the x-ray findings of ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 29

Reiter's syndrome

Question 30

Distinctive feature of psoriatic arthritis

Answer 30

nail pitting

Question 31

Most common organisms involved in bacterial or supperative arthritis

Answer 31

gonococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, H. influenza, E. coli, pseudomonas

Question 32

sickle cell pts are at a greater risk for what bacterial infections of their jts?

Answer 32

Salmonella

Question 33

What organism is most commonly noted in bacterial arthritis of children under 2?

Answer 33

H. influenza

Question 34

Most common organism found in older children and adults with bacterial arthritis

Answer 34

S. aureus

Question 35

Gonococcal arthritis is often ... with ... while non-gonococcal arthritis is more often ...

Answer 35

migratory; multiple joints; single joints

Question 36

confluent granulomas with central caseous necrosis

Answer 36

tuberculosis arthritis

Question 37

Tuberculosis of the spine

Answer 37

Pott's disease

Question 38

tuberculosis of the spine affects.... and ... and comprises both ... and ...

Answer 38

thoracic; lumbar; tuberculosis osteomyelitis; arthritis

Question 39

principal vector of lyme dz

Answer 39

Ixodoes scapularis

Question 40

Which spirochete causes Lyme dz?

Answer 40

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 41

Characteristic rash of Lyme dz

Answer 41

erythema migrans

Question 42

Two main crystalline arthritis

Answer 42

gout, pseudogout

Question 43

Gout is d/t deposition of ... crystals in the joint space whereas pseudogout is d/t jt space deposition of ... crystals

Answer 43

monosodium urate (uric acid); calcium pyrophosphate

Question 44

Hyperuricemia may develop as a consequence of ... or ....

Answer 44

increased uricc acid production; decreased uric acid excretion

Question 45

... toxicity increases the risk for gout

Answer 45

lead

Question 46

gout developing as a consequence of ingesting lead contaminated alcohol (moonshine)

Answer 46

Saturnine gout

Question 47

Which 3 drugs may inc uric acid levels in pts with gout?

Answer 47

aspirin, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics

Question 48

masses of crystalline or amorphous urate deposits surrounded by an inflammatory reaction of macrophages, fibroblasts, and giant multi-nucleated cells

Answer 48

tophus

Question 49

pathognomonic lesion of gout

Answer 49

tophus

Question 50

chondrocalcinosis

Answer 50

pseudogout

Question 51

pseudogout usu affects which jts?

Answer 51

knee and ankle

Question 52

small cyst (1-1.5cm) that is usually located near a jt capsule or tendon sheath

Answer 52

ganglion

Question 53

most common location for ganglion

Answer 53

wrist

Question 54

The fluid that fills a ganglion is similar to synovial fluid, but there is no what?

Answer 54

communication with the jt space

Question 55

cystic degeneration of CT and lacks true cell lining

Answer 55

ganglion

Question 56

herniation of synovial fluid through jt capsule

Answer 56

synovial cyst

Question 57

well recognized complication of RA

Answer 57

Baker's cyst

Question 58

several closely related benign neoplasms that can develop in the synovial linings of jts, tendon sheaths and bursae

Answer 58

villonodular synovitis

Question 59

Most common forms of villonodular synovitis

Answer 59

pigmented villonodular synovitis and diffuse-type giant cell tumor of tendon sheath

Question 60

Most frequent location for synovial sarcoma

Answer 60

knee and ankle

Question 61

Helpful x-ray feature in synovial sarcoma

Answer 61

focal calcification

Question 62

Most common type of jt dz

Answer 62

Osteoarthritis