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joints Flashcards

(51 cards)

1
Q

joint are

A

(articulations) are sites where bones meet. hold skeleton together, give mobility, weakest parts of skeleton

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2
Q

structural classification :

A

fibrous, cartiagious, synovial,

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3
Q

funcational classification

A

synarthroses, amphiarthoroses, diarthroses

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4
Q

fibrous

A

bones connected by fibers

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5
Q

cartilaginous

A

bones bound by cartilage

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6
Q

synovial

A

bones seperated by a joint cavity with synovial fluid

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7
Q

synarthroses

A

immovable, syn= together arthr= joined

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8
Q

amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable, amphi = on all sides

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9
Q

diarthroses

A

freely movable dia= apart

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10
Q

3 types of fibrous tissue

A

sutures, sydesmoses gomphoses

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11
Q

sutures

A

occur only in skull.

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12
Q

synostosis

A

fibrous tissue ossifies in adults that becomes a boney joint called synostosis

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13
Q

synssmoses

A

bones joined by ligaments

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14
Q

gomphoses

A

attachment of teeth in sockets gomph = nail

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15
Q

cartilagious joints

A

two types :synchondroses and symphyses

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16
Q

synchodroses

A

bones joined with hyaline cartilage

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17
Q

symphyses

A

two bones joined together by fibro cartilage

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18
Q

synovial joints

A

articulating bones seperated by fluid filled cavities

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19
Q

articular cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage, overs opposing bone surfaces

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20
Q

joint cavity

A

filled with synovial fluid a slippery lubricant that reduces friction and removes wastes

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21
Q

articular capsule

A

encloses joint cavity, made of connective tissue

22
Q

tendon

A

strip or sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

23
Q

ligament

A

attaches one bone to another

24
Q

bursa

A

fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid that cushions muscles and helps tendons slide more easily.

25
tendon sheath
elongated cylinrical bursae wrapped around a tendon
26
plane (gliding joints)
carpal bones (wrist)
27
hinge joints
movement in one plane only , elbow
28
pivot joints
bone that spins on a longitudinal axis . turning of head
29
saddle joints
allows biaxial movement ex thumb
30
condyle joints
rounded bone fits into depression on other. metacarpophalages joints
31
bursitis
inflammation of bursa due to repetitive movement or pressure. ex students elbow
32
tendinitis
inflammation of tendons and tendon sheath may be due to overuse
33
osteoarthritis
due to wear and tear
34
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, deforms joints
35
gout
uric acid and crystals accumulate in the joints
36
flexion
decreases angle of joint. bending elbow
37
extension
increases angle of joint. extending elbow
38
dorsiflexion
bend foot up
39
plantar flexion
bend foot down
40
abduction
move away from body
41
adduction
move toward body
42
circumduction
move arms or legs in circles
43
supination
palms cupped upward
44
pronation
palms facing down
45
inversion
sole of foot turned in
46
eversion
sole of foot turned out (laterally)
47
protraction
mandible pushed out
48
retraction
mandible pulled in
49
elevation
closing of mouth, shrugging shoulders
50
depression
opening of mouth lowering shoulders
51
opposition
touching thumbs to finger tips