joints

Question 1

joint are

Answer 1

(articulations) are sites where bones meet. hold skeleton together, give mobility, weakest parts of skeleton

Question 2

structural classification :

Answer 2

fibrous, cartiagious, synovial,

Question 3

funcational classification

Answer 3

synarthroses, amphiarthoroses, diarthroses

Question 4

fibrous

Answer 4

bones connected by fibers

Question 5

cartilaginous

Answer 5

bones bound by cartilage

Question 6

synovial

Answer 6

bones seperated by a joint cavity with synovial fluid

Question 7

synarthroses

Answer 7

immovable, syn= together arthr= joined

Question 8

amphiarthroses

Answer 8

slightly movable, amphi = on all sides

Question 9

diarthroses

Answer 9

freely movable dia= apart

Question 10

3 types of fibrous tissue

Answer 10

sutures, sydesmoses gomphoses

Question 11

sutures

Answer 11

occur only in skull.

Question 12

synostosis

Answer 12

fibrous tissue ossifies in adults that becomes a boney joint called synostosis

Question 13

synssmoses

Answer 13

bones joined by ligaments

Question 14

gomphoses

Answer 14

attachment of teeth in sockets gomph = nail

Question 15

cartilagious joints

Answer 15

two types :synchondroses and symphyses

Question 16

synchodroses

Answer 16

bones joined with hyaline cartilage

Question 17

symphyses

Answer 17

two bones joined together by fibro cartilage

Question 18

synovial joints

Answer 18

articulating bones seperated by fluid filled cavities

Question 19

articular cartilage

Answer 19

hyaline cartilage, overs opposing bone surfaces

Question 20

joint cavity

Answer 20

filled with synovial fluid a slippery lubricant that reduces friction and removes wastes

Question 21

articular capsule

Answer 21

encloses joint cavity, made of connective tissue

Question 22

tendon

Answer 22

strip or sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

Question 23

ligament

Answer 23

attaches one bone to another

Question 24

bursa

Answer 24

fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid that cushions muscles and helps tendons slide more easily.

Question 25

tendon sheath

Answer 25

elongated cylinrical bursae wrapped around a tendon

Question 26

plane (gliding joints)

Answer 26

carpal bones (wrist)

Question 27

hinge joints

Answer 27

movement in one plane only , elbow

Question 28

pivot joints

Answer 28

bone that spins on a longitudinal axis . turning of head

Question 29

saddle joints

Answer 29

allows biaxial movement ex thumb

Question 30

condyle joints

Answer 30

rounded bone fits into depression on other. metacarpophalages joints

Question 31

bursitis

Answer 31

inflammation of bursa due to repetitive movement or pressure. ex students elbow

Question 32

tendinitis

Answer 32

inflammation of tendons and tendon sheath may be due to overuse

Question 33

osteoarthritis

Answer 33

due to wear and tear

Question 34

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 34

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, deforms joints

Question 35

gout

Answer 35

uric acid and crystals accumulate in the joints

Question 36

flexion

Answer 36

decreases angle of joint. bending elbow

Question 37

extension

Answer 37

increases angle of joint. extending elbow

Question 38

dorsiflexion

Answer 38

bend foot up

Question 39

plantar flexion

Answer 39

bend foot down

Question 40

abduction

Answer 40

move away from body

Question 41

adduction

Answer 41

move toward body

Question 42

circumduction

Answer 42

move arms or legs in circles

Question 43

supination

Answer 43

palms cupped upward

Question 44

pronation

Answer 44

palms facing down

Question 45

inversion

Answer 45

sole of foot turned in

Question 46

eversion

Answer 46

sole of foot turned out (laterally)

Question 47

protraction

Answer 47

mandible pushed out

Question 48

retraction

Answer 48

mandible pulled in

Question 49

elevation

Answer 49

closing of mouth, shrugging shoulders

Question 50

depression

Answer 50

opening of mouth lowering shoulders

Question 51

opposition

Answer 51

touching thumbs to finger tips