joints and ligaments

Question 1

what type of ligament is found superficial to the capsular ligament?

Answer 1

extrinsic ligaments

Question 2

what type of ligament is found deep to the capsular ligament?

Answer 2

intrinsic ligaments

Question 3

ligaments prevent movement by either acting like a _____ or _______?

Answer 3

rope or wall

Question 4

most stable joint of the upper extremity?

Answer 4

sternoclavicular

Question 5

3 articulations of the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 5

sternal end of clavicle
clavicular and costal notches of the sternum
medial end of first rib

Question 6

what is found in the middle of the joint cavity, dividing it into 2 parts?

Answer 6

articular disk

Question 7

what are the 2 functions of the articular disk?

Answer 7

1. prevent clavicle from being displaced

2. act as a shock absorber for forces along the clavicle

Question 8

what is the nerve supply of the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 8

supraclavicular and nerve to the subclavius

Question 9

which ligaments prevent excessive forward and backward movement and acts like a wall?

Answer 9

anterior and posterior sternoclavicular

Question 10

which ligament functions to prevent displacement of the clavicle when 1 is carrying a heavy object? - also acts like a rope

Answer 10

interclavicular

Question 11

which joint limits elevation at the medial end of the clavicle? (one hangs by their limb)- acts like a rope

Answer 11

costoclavicular

Question 12

which sternoclavicular ligaments reinforce the capsular ligament?

Answer 12

anterior and posterior, costoclavicular

Question 13

what is the nerve supply of the acromioclavicular joint? (3)

Answer 13

dorsal scapular
suprascapular
axillary

Question 14

the acromioclavicular joint is what type of joint?

Answer 14

plane gliding

Question 15

which ligaments prevent the clavicle from losing contact with the acromion process? also acts like a rope

Answer 15

superior and inferior acromioclavicular

Question 16

which ligament is largely responsible for holding and suspending the weight of the scapula from the clavicle?

Answer 16

coracoclavicular

Question 17

which ligament limits protraction, elevation and rotation of the scapula?

Answer 17

coracoclavicular

Question 18

which joint has the greatest range of motion?

Answer 18

shoulder or glenohumeral joint

Question 19

what is the nerve supply to the shoulder joint?

Answer 19

axillary and suprascapular

Question 20

which ligament surrounds the shoulder joint and is thin and lax?

Answer 20

capsular ligament

Question 21

the capsular ligament of the shoulder has an opening in its inferior lateral portion through which what muscle passes through?

Answer 21

long head of the biceps brachii

Question 22

the capsular ligament of shoulder is strengthened by what?

Answer 22

ligaments and the rotator cuff muscle tendons

Question 23

which ligament helps prevent lateral rotation of humerus at the shoulder joint?

Answer 23

glenohumeral

Question 24

which shoulder ligament is intrinsic and acts like a rope?

Answer 24

glenohumeral

Question 25

which ligament spans the inter tubercular groove converting it into a canal?

Answer 25

transverse humeral

Question 26

which ligament keeps the long head of the biceps in place?

Answer 26

transverse humeral

Question 27

which ligament limits lateral rotation of the humerus?

Answer 27

coracohumeral

Question 28

which shoulder ligament is extrinsic and acts like a wall

Answer 28

coracoacromial

Question 29

which ligament is small and spans the scapular notch?

Answer 29

suprascapular

Question 30

why are the elbow and proximal radio-ulnar joints considered to be part of one complex? 3 reasons

Answer 30

1. the radius and ulna are common articulating surfaces 2. joint cavity of elbow is continuous with joint cavity of proximal R-U joint 3. the ligaments are continuous

Question 31

what are the articulations of the elbow joint?

Answer 31

the trochlea of the humerus w/ the trochlear notch of the ulna and the capitulum of the humerus w/ the head of the radius

Question 32

what is the nerve supply of the elbow joint?

Answer 32

musculocutaneous, radial, median and ulnar

Question 33

which ligament runs from the lat epi of the humerus to the annual ligament and why?

Answer 33

lateral or radial collateral and so that rotation of radius is not limited

Question 34

which elbow ligament prevents adduction at the joint?

Answer 34

radial collateral

Question 35

which elbow ligament prevents abduction at the joint?

Answer 35

ulnar collateral

Question 36

which elbow ligament keeps the head of the radius in place and acts like a wall?

Answer 36

annular ligament

Question 37

what type of joint is the proximal radio ulnar joint?

Answer 37

pivot/trochoid where only rotation is possible

Question 38

which 2 ligaments are specific to the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 38

interosseous membrane and oblique cord

Question 39

what are the functions of the interosseous membrane and oblique cord?

Answer 39

limit supination beyond anatomical position and are extrinsic and act like ropes

Question 40

what is the nerve supply of the distal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 40

radial

Question 41

what type of joint is the distal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 41

pivot or trochoid

Question 42

which ligaments of the Distal R-U joint unite the distal ends of radius and ulna and prevent supination?

Answer 42

anterior and posterior transverse ligaments

Question 43

what does the articular disc do?

Answer 43

it is a small piece of fibrocartilage which attaches the ulnar notch and styloid process of ulna and is the chief uniting structure of the joint

Question 44

the opening in the superior part of the interosseous membrane allows passage of what?

Answer 44

posterior interosseous blood vessels

Question 45

3 functions of the interosseous membrane

Answer 45

1. provide strength and stability between radius and ulna 2. limit supination 3. increase surface attachment

Question 46

which joint unites the hand to the forearm?

Answer 46

radiocarpal joint

Question 47

what type of joint is the radiocarpal?

Answer 47

condyloid

Question 48

what is the nerve supply of the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 48

median, radial and ulnar

Question 49

which ligaments attach superiorly to the radius and inferiorly to the scaphoid and lunate?

Answer 49

dorsal and palmar radiocarpals- extrinsic and acts like rope

Question 50

which ligament attaches the ulna to the scaphoid and lunate?

Answer 50

palmar ulnocarpal- extrinsic and acts like rope

Question 51

which ligaments attach from the styloid process of the ulna and radius to the carpal bones on respective sides? also strong ligaments

Answer 51

ulnar and radial collaterals

Question 52

intercarpal joints are classified as

Answer 52

plane gliding

Question 53

what are the movements of the carpometacarpal joints?

Answer 53

some flexion and extension when carrying out a "power grip"

Question 54

the carpometacarpal joint of digit one is different from the others in that it?

Answer 54

moves more freely and is considered a universal joint allowing almost all movements to occur

Question 55

intermetacarpal joints are?

Answer 55

plane gliding and only exist between the bases of the 2-5 metacarpals