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RICS APC > JS Health and Safety > Flashcards

JS Health and Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What is involved in a site induction?

A

Evacuation procedures
Smoking requirements
PPE requirements
Scaffolding safety
Site specific risks
Site rules

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2
Q

What do you know about the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?

A

Legislation put in place to ensure employers have a duty of care for the H&S of their employees.
Covers occupational health and safety.

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3
Q

How did the CDM Regs change from 2007 to 2015?

A

• Structure of regulations simplified
• ACOP (Approved Codes of Practice) replaced with more targeted guidance.
• Replaces CDM Coordinator with Principal Designer (Previously contracted out (additional costs, not embedded into team so no design influence).
• Changing threshold for appointment of coordinators. Client needs to notify HSE if project exceeds 30 construction days with 20 or more workers working simultaneously or if project exceeds 500 person days.

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4
Q

What are quantity surveyors classed as under the CDM regs?

A

Designers.

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5
Q

What is a Site Waste Management Plan?

A

A planning document created prior to construction and submitted to the local council. Provides how resources will be managed and how waste is controlled, including what types of waste are generated, how it will be managed and how the quantity will be measured and who is responsible
Applies to all projects over £300k.

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6
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

A careful examination of identifying a hazard, measuring the risk and identifying the method of reducing the risk.
Eradicate
Reduce
Isolate
Control

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7
Q

How do you assure your own safety when going out to meetings?

A

Call back system
Let others know where you are
Risk assessment

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8
Q

What power does the HSE give it’s employees?

A

The right to enter all construction sites.
This is a right greater than that of a police officer, who would need a warrant to enter a site.

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9
Q

What is the HSE?

A

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is the national independent watchdog for work related health and safety illness. It acts in the public interest to reduce work related death and serious injury in GB.

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10
Q

What is Surveying Safely?

A

The RICS guidance on personal safety at work, 2nd Edition 2019.
The document covers:-
Personal Responsibilities
Assessing Hazards and Risk
Places of Work
Occupational Health and Hygiene
Visiting Site
Fire Safety

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11
Q

How do you report an accident on site?

A

Report the accident to a site manager.
Record accident in accident book along with treatment.
Employer to report accident to HSE.
HSE can be contacted by phone or online.
Accident report must be completed and where necessary returned to HSE.
Injury, disease, dangerous occurrence must be documented + a copy of the accident report retained for record.

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12
Q

What is the Joint Fire Code?

A

Provides guidance on fire safety and protection on sites.
Covers activities through design, procurement and construction.
Applies to contracts over 2.5 million.
Can also apply to lower value projects deemed to be high risk.
Most insurers require it.

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13
Q

What does the Joint Fire Code cover?

A

Provision of smoking shelters.
Storage of combustible materials.
Fire risk assessments.
Provision of extinguishers.

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14
Q

What is COSHH?

A

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health.
Requires employers to prevent or reduce workers exposure to substances hazardous to health.
This includes chemicals, fumes/gases/vapours/mists, dusts (asbestos), biological agents and germs.

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15
Q

What is RIDDOR?

A

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013.
Regulations for ‘responsible person’ to notify and keep record of specified workplace incidents.

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16
Q

What are the different colours of fire extinguishers?

A

Red - Water
Blue - Dry Power
Black - Co2

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17
Q

What is an F10?

A

The form which is sent to the HSE to notify them of a relevant construction project.

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18
Q

What are an employer’s duties under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?

A

Provide a safe place of work.
Provide a safe system of work.
Provide safe equipment.
Provide safe and competent people to work alongside.
Carry out risk assessments.
Inform workers of all potential hazards of the workplace.
Appoint a competent person responsible for health and safety.
Consult with the workplace safety representatives.
Provide adequate welfare at the workplace.

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19
Q

What are an employee’s duties under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?

A

Duty of care under common law.
Take reasonable skill and care for the health and safety of yourself and others in the workplace.
Co-operate with employer to enable them to fulfil their legal duty.
Do not interfere or obstruct anything provided in the interests of health and safety at work.

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20
Q

What can the HSE do if there is a breach of Health and Safety?

A

Issue and Improvement Notice - works can continue with 21 days to remedy breach. The contractor can appeal the notice and continue work in the meantime.
Issue a Prohibition Notice - works must stop immediately. The contractor can appeal the notice but works must stop in the meantime

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21
Q

What does CDM stand for?

A

Construction Design and Management.
The main regulations for managing the health, safety and welfare of construction projects.
Applies to the whole project, from concept to completion.

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22
Q

What do CDM regulations cover?

A

All construction projects exceeding 500 person days or 30 continuous days with 20 people on site at any one time.

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23
Q

How long should H&S data be kept for?

A

Technically forever. May be required to monitors long term illness (asbestosis).

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24
Q

What is a construction phase health & safety plan?

A

Developed during the construction phase by the contractor - demonstrates how a building will be built safely.

Includes:
A Project description.
Processes for management of the works including site inductions, training, communication, welfare facilities, design coordination, site rules and emergency procedures.
Arrangements for controlling significant site risks such as handling of deliveries, working at height, deep excavations, preventing falls, site segregation, maintenance of plant and equipment, removal of asbestos, reducing noise and vibrations and manual handling.

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25
Q

Why were CDM regulations introduced?

A

To ensure that clients, designers, contractors and others consider the health and safety of those constructing, maintaining and demolishing the works.

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26
Q

How many parts do CDM regulations have and what are they?

A

Introduction.
Client Duties.
Health and Safety Duties and Roles.
General Requirements for all Construction Sites.
General.

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27
Q

What different types of asbestos are you aware of?

A

Crocidolite - Blue
Amosite - Brown
Chrysotile - White

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28
Q

What is corporate manslaughter?

A

An organisation is guilty if the way their activities are managed cause a persons death. Breach of relevant duty of care.

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29
Q

What are the types of asbestos survey?

A

Asbestos Management Survey - Non-intrusive desktop study.
Demolition / Refurbishment Survey - Intrusive.

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30
Q

What regulations are there regarding asbestos?

A

Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012.

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31
Q

What regulations are there regarding working at height?

A

Working at height regulations 2005.

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32
Q

What is the Considerate Constructor’s Scheme?

A

It is a non-profit independent organisation founded in 1997 to improve the image of the industry. Encourages contractors and their supply chain to implement best practice.

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33
Q

What is the biggest long term health issue in the construction industry?

A

Breathing in hazardous dust and fumes.

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34
Q

What type of accident kills the most construction workers?

A

Falls from height.

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35
Q

What is the minimum height of the main guard rail on scaffolding?

A

950mm

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36
Q

What is the CSCS?

A

Construction Skills Certification Scheme.
Certification card scheme to show people entering construction sites are competent with regards to health and safety.
Run by the Construction Industry Training Board (CITB).

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37
Q

What is the Approved Code of Practice?

A

It gives practical advice on how to comply with the law.
They deal with a wide range of hazardous materials and practices.
Employers who are prosecuted for a breach of health and safety law, who have not followed the approved code of practice are likely to be found at fault by the courts.

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38
Q

When does a project become notifiable?

A

When it exceeds 30 working days with 20 men on site simultaneously, or it exceeds 500 man days.

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39
Q

What risks did you identify on one of your projects?

A

Slips, trips and falls - do not enter untidy areas on site.
Work requires you to cross a vehicle road - wait at safe crossing point, to ensure plant operators have seen you and utilise thumbs up signal to ensure safe to cross.

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40
Q

What do you do before visiting site?

A

Risk assessment.
Correct PPE.
Let your line manager know where you are and when you will be back.
Site induction - information of site procedures, risks and off limit areas. First aid points & individuals and emergency procedures.

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41
Q

What is included in a site induction?

A

Evacuation procedures
Smoking requirements
PPE requirements
House keeping
Site specific risks
Site rules

42
Q

Name some H&S legislation?

A

Health & Safety at Work Act 1974
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
Construction Design Management regulations 2015
Covid Act 2020
COSHH 2012
Working at Height Regulations 2005

43
Q

What is the role of the Principal Designer under CDM Regulations 2015?

A

Planning, managing and monitoring the pre-construction phase.
Ensuring risks are eliminated or controlled through design work.
Passing information on to the principal contractor.
Ensuring designers comply with their duties.
Assisting the client in preparing pre-construction information.
Preparing the health and safety file.

44
Q

What does Lone working mean?

A

Lone working - As an employer, you must manage any health and safety risks before people can work alone.

45
Q

What are RAMS & MS? What is the difference?

A

Risk Assessments & Method Statements

Risk Assessments - assesses all potential risks & identifies who could be impacted and how, takes steps to identify ways to eliminate, reduce, substitute, add controls, PPE.

Method Statement - Identifies methodology of how something will be carried out. Usually reviewed by all parties and signed off and communicated by those undertaking task also.

46
Q

What is the role of the principal contractor under CDM?

A

Plan, monitor and coordinate the entire construction phase.
Take account of health and safety risks and measures needed to control them.
Liaise with client and principle designer for the duration of the project.
Prepare a written construction phase plan and implement.
Ensure there are suitable welfare facilities.
All workers have relevant skills, knowledge and experience.
Prevent unauthorised access to site.
Liaise with principle designer regarding any information relevant to the pre construction phase.

47
Q

Impacts of covid & Brexit on H&S?

A

Covid Act 2020
Remote working
Working in close proximity
Working in close spaces
Welfare & additional cleaning

48
Q

What did you learn from Grenfell?

A

Importance of QS’s involvement in VE process and ensuring compliance with all requirements met.
Importance of drafting contracts to ensure design responsibility correctly allocated & owned by correct parties.

49
Q

What fire legislation are you aware of?

A

Building Regs - B
Fire Safety Act 2022

50
Q

What is the role of the client under CDM?

A

Appoint competent duty holders.
Allow sufficient time and resources.
Prepare and provide relevant information to duty holders.
Ensure that the Principal Designer and Contractor carry out their duties.
Ensure welfare facilities.

51
Q

What items would you expect to find in the pre-construction
information?

A

A project description.
Hoarding, fencing information.
Welfare details.
Site restrictions.
Location of existing services.
Asbestos surveys.
Unsafe structures.
Risk assessments.
Method statements.
H+S file requirements.

52
Q

What would you find in the H&S File?

A

A brief description of the work carried out.
Any residual hazards which remain i.e. information concerning asbestos, buried services.
Removal and dismantling of installed plant and equipment.
Hazardous materials used for example lead paint,
The nature and location of significant services, including underground cables etc
H+S information appropriate for future works

53
Q

Who should the PD pass the H&S file to?

A

The employer and end user.

54
Q

What incidents are reportable?

A

Death and major injuries such as loss of consciousness or loss of a limb.
Occupational diseases.
Dangerous occurrences for example explosions, hazardous substances, structural collapse or collision etc.
Gas incidents.

55
Q

What PPE would you wear when visiting a site?

A

Hard hat.
Boots.
Goggles.
Gloves.
Hi-vis vest.
Ear defenders if required.
Face mask if required.

56
Q

What are the 5 steps to risk assessment?

A

Identify hazards.
Assess the risks.
Control the risks.
Record your findings.
Review the controls.

57
Q

What is your company’s Health and Safety policy?

A

Prevent work-related injuries or illnesses.
Act with a duty of care to yourself and other employees.
Take responsibility for safety and comply with safe systems of work.
Act responsively, report incidents and near misses.
Regular training refresher courses.
Risk assessments are compulsory for all projects
CSCS cards are mandatory.

58
Q

What is an asbestos management plan?

A

A crucial document designed to register and detail how asbestos be managed in a property and what activities will be engaged to ensure people remains safe.

59
Q

How can asbestos be managed?

A

Remove.
Encapsulate.
Manage.

60
Q

What are the Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005?

A

Protect employees from excessive levels of noise that could cause hearing damage.
Daily or weekly exposure:
Lower level 80dB
Upper level 85dB

61
Q

What does the Fire Safety act 2021 state?

A

Aim of improving fire safety in multi-occupancy domestic properties.
Responsible person must assess and mitigate the fire safety risk.
Fire risk assessment must be updated. Fire risk assessor can be appointed to assist.
Failure to comply could result in enforcement action being taken.

62
Q

L1 - Can you name the piece of primary legislation relating to Health & Safety in the construction industry?

A

Construction Design and Management Regulations 2015

63
Q

L1 - Can you tell me the name of RICS publication that relates to the health and safety of its members?

A

Surveying Safely, 2nd Edition 2019.

64
Q

L1 - This document sets out guidance for occupational health. Can you identify the areas to which this provision applies?

A

Work-related stress
Health, well-being and mental health
Alcohol and drug misuse
Noise-induced hearing damage
Asbestos
Hand–arm vibration syndrome.

65
Q

L1 - RICS Surveying Safely, what is included?

A

Information on Personal Responsibilities
Assessment of Hazards and Risks
Information on Places of Work
Occupational Health and Hygiene
Visiting Site
Fire Safety

66
Q

L1 - What is notifiable project under CDM Regulations 2015?

A

A project that exceeds 500 person days or 30 continuous days with 20 people on site.

67
Q

L1 - What is the role of the Principal Designer under CDM Regulations 2015?

A

Planning, managing and monitoring the pre-construction phase.
Ensuring risks are eliminated or controlled through design work.
Passing information on to the principal contractor.
Ensuring designers comply with their duties.
Assisting the client in preparing pre-construction information.
Preparing the health and safety file.

68
Q

L1 - What is meant by the acronym RIDDOR?

A

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013.

69
Q

L1 - What other primary legislation is used to regulate safety in construction?

A

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 2002.
Construction Design and Management Regulations 2015.
Working at Height Regulations 2005.
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012.

70
Q

L1 - What obligations does this legislation place upon you as an individual?

A

It ensures that you follow best practice.

71
Q

L1 - What is included in the site induction?

A

Evacuation Procedures.
PPE Requirements.
Smoking Requirements.
Site Specific Risk.
Site Rules.
Scaffolding Requirements.

72
Q

L1 - What PPE did you wear?

A

Hard Hat.
Gloves.
Eye protection.
Boots.
Hi-vis.
Ear Protection if necessary.

73
Q

L1 - How does Lone Working operate?

A

Lone workers are those who work by themselves without close or direct supervision.
As an employer, you must manage any health and safety risks before people can work alone.

74
Q

L1 - What are Risk Assessment Method Statements?

A

Risk Assessments - assesses all potential risks & identifies who could be impacted and how, takes steps to identify ways to eliminate, reduce, substitute, add controls, PPE.

Method Statement - Identifies methodology of how something will be carried out. Usually reviewed by all parties and signed off and communicated by those undertaking task also.

75
Q

L1 - What is CSCS (UK)?

A

Construction Skills Certification Scheme.
To ensure competent professionals on site.

76
Q

L1 - Who are the parties under CDM?

A

Client.
Principal Designer.
Principal Contractor.
Contractor
Designer
Workmen

77
Q

L1 - What are you considered as?

A

Under the CDM regulations, a Cost Manager is known as a designer.

78
Q

L1 - What current challenges is Covid and/or Brexit bringing to Health & Safety?

A

Covid Act 2020
Remote working
Working in close proximity
Working in close spaces
Welfare & additional cleaning

79
Q

L2 - What does a risk assessment contain?

A

Identify what could cause injury or illness in your business (hazards)
Decide how likely it is that someone could be harmed and how seriously (the risk)
Take action to eliminate the hazard, or if this isn’t possible, control the risk

80
Q

L2 - If you completed a risk assessment, what would you do with it?

A

I would store it in the project file and review the assessment in case things have changed and record the significant findings with your risk assessment documents.

81
Q

L2 - If you found a type of unexpected asbestos on a project what would you do?

A

Stop work immediately.

82
Q

L2 - Where have you reviewed H&S as part of a contractors tender and what would you be looking for?

A

I reviewed the tender of the GH project recently and I checked whether they had appropriate provisions in place for controlling noise, dust and vibrations. This was particularly important around a busy london location.

83
Q

What were the updates to the building safety act 2022?

A

The Building Safety Act received Royal Assent in April 22.
Applies to all buildings but with specific focus and actions on ‘Higher-risk Buildings.
HRB are classed as over 18 metres high or seven storeys or more, which contain at least two residential units. Also applies to care homes and hospitals meeting the same height threshold.
Introduction of new duty holders:
1. Building Safety Regulator [BSR] - responsible for overseeing the safety and performance systems of all buildings.
2. Accountable Person [AP] - will have an ongoing duty to assess Building Safety risks and provide a ‘Safety Case Report’ which demonstrates how Building Safety risks are being identified, mitigated, and managed on an ongoing basis.
3. Principal Accountable Person [PAP] - Where a building has more than one AP, the AP responsible for the structure and
exterior of the building will be the Principal Accountable Person (PAP).
The planning Gateways:
1. At the point of planning application, a fire statement is to be prepared and issued along with the planning application.
2. Prior to the commencement of construction, the BSR must give approval. - Any changes to the approved design / materials [during construction] to be approved by the BSR before installation. Between 14 days – 4 weeks depending on the extent of the proposed changes.
3. Prior to occupation of the building, a building assessment certificate must be issued by the BSR BEFORE the building is occupied.

84
Q

Have there been any recent changes to Part B of the building regs?

A

Came into effect on 1st December 22.
Hotels over 18m in height will have to be constructed with external walls materials attaining A2s1d0 (non combustible) or better.
Residential buildings over 18m will need to have a Evacuation Alert System to BS 8629.
Basements serving residential flats over 900m2 should be provided with at least two firefighting shafts.
Updates to electrical safety.

85
Q

What is the Health Safety Act 1974?

A

A piece of primary legislation that sets out the general duties that employers have to employees and public, employees have to themselves and each other and the self employed have to themselves and each other. Also sets out guidance on self handling of plant, equipment and dangerous substances

86
Q

What are the CDM Regs

A

Brought in to make sure that HS is properly considered from inception all the way to completion. Ensures that the client and design team take responsibility for HS not just the contractor

87
Q

What are the changes from 2007 to 2015 CDM regs

A

Simplified structure of regulations
ACOP replaced with more targeted guidance
CDM Co-ordinator replaced with PD
Threshold for projects have changed

88
Q

What is the role of the PD?

A

Inform client of their duties,
Produce the HS file including PCI
Liaise with the PC
Co-ordination of HS during pre-con period

89
Q

What are the roles of the PC?

A

Set up site inductions
Provide site welfare
Ensure the site is safe
Plan, manage, monitor, co-ordination during construction

90
Q

What are the roles of the client

A

Inform the HSE (+1 contractor, 30 days or 500 working days, 20 workers)
Provide site welfare
Appoint PD and PC
Provide PD with preconstruction info
Complete HS file at completion

91
Q

What is a pre-construction paper and what does it do?

A

Provides a description of the project, environmental restrictions, on site considerations around logistics and hoarding. Client provides it.

92
Q

What is the construction phase plan?

A

Produced by the PC, provides process of management of the works (welfare, inductions, training) as well as process for controlling significant risks.

93
Q

What are some workplace health and safety procedures?

A

o Providing a safe place of work relating to ventilation, heating, lighting
o Minimising risks relating to monitors and workstations
o Fire risk assessments
o Working Hours
o Health and Safety induction

94
Q

What are some individual health and safety responsibilities

A

Maintain competence and training
Keep up to date with the relevant legislation
Co-operate with HS policies and procedures in the work place and on site
Reporting any breaches

95
Q

Level 1 - You mention the control of noise at work act 2005, what is this?

A

They are regulations to workers hearing are protected from excessive noise at their work place, which could cause them to lose their hearing and or suffer from tinnitus. Sets out levels of dB in which employer have to provide hearing protection and hearing zones.

96
Q

What CSCS card do you have? Colour?

A

Silver, academically qualified

97
Q

What does the CSCS card do?

A

Makes you aware and have a better knowledge or health and safety on site

98
Q

What is the RICS guidance on HS and what does it cover?

A

General Statement
Safety of Employees
Workplace - fire and first aid provisions
Hazards and Risk Assessments
Visiting Site

99
Q

What is the building safety act 2022?

A

Provides framework for the design, construction and occupation of higher risk buildings

100
Q

What is classified as a higher risk building

A

At least 18 meters or 7 storeys and comprises of at least 2 domestic properties, or a hospital or a care home

RICS APC (20 decks)

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