Judaism and Christianity

Question 1

Community center for prayer and study of Torah; the building in which community meets for these activities

Answer 1

Synagogue

Question 2

Judaism of the post-biblical pre-modern period (old school Jewish)

Answer 2

Rabbinic

Question 3

Where did God reveal himself?

Answer 3

Mt. Sinai

Question 4

Oral Torah and written commentaries

Answer 4

Talmud

Question 5

the scriptures of Rabbinic Judaism, composed of the Tanak and Talmud (sacred and oral teachings abt. God’s revelation to his people)

Answer 5

Dual Torah

Question 6

(a binding agreement) btwn. God and Israelites promising God’s protection in exchange for their obedience to God’s commandments

Answer 6

Covenant

Question 7

Religious commandments or laws of Talmudic Judaism; God’s 613 commandments

Answer 7

Halakkah

Question 8

God’s commandments requiring deeds of loving kindness

Answer 8

Mitzvot

Question 9

First built by Solomon; place in Jerusalem where the people Israel worshipped

Answer 9

Temple

Question 10

One God

Answer 10

Monotheistic

Question 11

the written Torah, or Hebrew Bible (Torah And Neni’im And Kethuuim

Answer 11

Tanak

Question 12

What are the Five Books of Moses?

Answer 12

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy

Question 13

Wealthier off-branch; exclusive to Jerusalem; only believed in the Five Books of Moses; all abt. sacrifices in Jerusalem temple

Answer 13

Sadducees

Question 14

off-branch; teachers in Synagogues; believed in Tanak, 5Moses, and practicing oral traditions; temple sacrifices + Torah and Oral Torah (Mishna)

Answer 14

Phraises

Question 15

Dispersion of a religious people outside their geographic homeland

Answer 15

Diaspora

Question 16

non-Jew

Answer 16

Gentile

Question 17

hostile off-branch of Judaism towards Gentiles and Sadduccees; fought Romans in the name of God

Answer 17

Zealots

Question 18

writings that form the core of the Talmud

Answer 18

Mishnah

Question 19

commentary on Mishnah + part of Talmud

Answer 19

Gemara

Question 20

rite of passage for Jewish boys to become full members of Judaism; bat [ ] for girls

Answer 20

Bar mitzvah

Question 21

garments w/ fringes to remind Jewish men of covenant

Answer 21

Tzitzit

Question 22

small leather boxes used to wrap scripture on self before prayer

Answer 22

Tefillin

Question 23

New years; synagogue service, self-examination

Answer 23

Rosh hashanah

Question 24

a day of fasting + repentance (J)

Answer 24

Yom kippur

Question 25

8-day festival; symbolizes hope and God's love

Answer 25

Hanukkah

Question 26

Jewish mystical tradition

Answer 26

Kabbalah

Question 27

intense mystics w/ intense practice; ritual bath purification

Answer 27

Essenes

Question 28

day of rest on Saturday

Answer 28

Shabbot

Question 29

ritual bath

Answer 29

Micvah

Question 30

Jews who don't accept legitimacy of Oral Torah

Answer 30

Karaite

Question 31

P.S. Jewish exile was blamed on the sins of Jacob

Question 32

written in twelfth century; mainly detailed Torah commentary to find 'deep truths' (remember the Torah panties thing?)

Answer 32

Zohar

Question 32

to say a paradox when trying to explain spiritual experiences

Answer 32

Apophasis

Question 33

True God; without boundaries

Answer 33

Ein sof

Question 34

title Christians apply to Jesus of Nazareth; from Greek translation of Hebrew word meaning 'messiah'

Answer 34

Christ

Question 35

Christian subtype that focused heavily on guilt, relationship w God, rituals and had bishops and pope (hierarchy); priesthood

Answer 35

Catholic

Question 36

Adam and Eve's fruit; their sin depended on all of mankind's miracle post-sin

Answer 36

Original sin

Question 37

Occurs whenever humans live in accord w/ God's will

Answer 37

Kingdom of God/Kingdom of Heaven

Question 38

churches that emphasize direct and personal relationship w God in Christ as necessary for salvation over ritualism and priesthood

Answer 38

Protestantism

Question 39

the most conservative wing of Evangelical protestants; believes modern science threatens Gospel truths

Answer 39

Fundamentalists

Question 40

Liberal wing of Evangelical movement; embraced modern science and progress as promoting goals of Kingdom and God on Earth

Answer 40

Modernists

Question 41

literally "good news" refers to Jesus' message of salvation in New Testament

Answer 41

Gospel

Question 42

Jesus's relative; was out in the woods baptizing ppl then got murdered for preaching Jesus' words

Answer 42

John the Baptist

Question 43

belief that Jesus'll return @ end of time to estabish new heaven and new Earth

Answer 43

Second Coming

Question 44

animal feeding troth (symbolism of his body being used for food; destroyed for benefit of others)

Answer 44

Manger

Question 45

babies bound in cloth to stop them from moving; Jesus wrapped in cloth as parallel to Joseph wrapping him in cloth post-mortem

Answer 45

Swaddling cloth

Question 46

Mary being conceived in her mother's womb w/o the stain of original sin

Answer 46

Immaculate conception

Question 47

Jesus born miraculously

Answer 47

Virgin birth

Question 48

Non-Jewish Christians viewing Jewish ppl as God's rejected people

Answer 48

Supercession/divine rejection

Question 49

Jesus's title; accoridng to Luke 3:38 Jesus is the "Son of Adam, Son of [ ]"

Answer 49

Son of God

Question 50

negative term for believing in doctrines that were viewed as not part of Bible lore; those who threw around that word viewed themselves as more Catholic

Answer 50

Heresy

Question 51

God as the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit; God is one God but one God in three persons

Answer 51

Trinity

Question 52

doctrine that Jesus has divine and human nature coexisting but never mixing

Answer 52

two natures, one person

Question 53

Under first Christian Roman emperor, Constantine; emperor ruled both church and state; protected Christianity from Roman persecution

Answer 53

Constantinople / Constantinian

Question 54

Constantine invited bishops across Mediterranean to agree on solid faith-- spend several years arguing before agreeing, all invited to Nicea, Greece

Answer 54

Nicene Creed

Question 55

Sidenote: Rome and Byzantine split into Rome and Byzantine Empires 395 CE-- this causes Catholic vs. Orthodox churches in Europe

Answer 55

Don't even joke lad...

Question 56

Sidenote: Pope Leo X sells indulgences and is like 'if you donate to church you'll get a few years severed off purgatory, which pissed Martin Luther off so he uses printing press to protest this-- Catholic church ex-communicates him-- Protestantism borne from that

Answer 56

Luther o.g. printing press shitposter 1500's

Question 57

Doctrine that humans are saved by faith as a gift from God rather than thru own will & works of obedience

Answer 57

Justification by faith

Question 58

sociologist Max Weber's observation that capitalism rose up post-rise of Protestantism

Answer 58

Protestant Ethic

Question 59

Proving yourself worthy of God to make up for sin

Answer 59

Temporal punishment

Question 60

Ways to repair your relationship w/ God thru actions; Catholic-specific

Answer 60

Indulgences

Question 61

Luther decides only Bible can guide his life and beliefs; not a Catholic practice; caused emergence of actually reading scripture

Answer 61

Sola scriptura

Question 62

idea that God chooses who gets saved and has already decided if you'll get saved or not; Calvinism

Answer 62

Pre-destination

Question 63

Sidenote: MASSIVE Catholic vs. Protestant wars break out over Europe killing ~ >17 million people over course of 1500s and eventually Europeans just settled on agreeing on religious beliefs being a private practice-- separation of church and state due to these wars