Judaism and the Kingdom of Israel Flashcards
(26 cards)
1
Q
confederation
A
an organization which consists of a number of parties or groups united in an alliance
2
Q
covenant
A
religious agreement with God
3
Q
monotheism
A
- the belief in one god
- the Jews were the first monotheistic religion
4
Q
Rabbi
A
spiritual leader in Judaism
5
Q
Tribe
A
- in Canaan, Jews divided themselves into a confederation of 12 tribes
- these tribes were called “Israelites” which was named after Jacob
6
Q
Abraham
A
- founding father of the Jewish people
- God made a covenant with him
- led the Hebrews from Ur in Mesopotamia to become nomadic herders
7
Q
Moses
A
- told by God to lead Hebrews out of Egypt in a journey called Exodus
- Moses received two tablets from Yahweh with the rules the Hebrews must follow
8
Q
Hebrew Bible
A
- the sacred scripture of Judaism
- included in the Old Testament
9
Q
Torah
A
- the 5 books of Moses
10
Q
Talmud
A
- Collection of writings by early rabbis
11
Q
Canaan
A
- where Judaism originated
- the promised land
12
Q
Exodus
A
- the journey of the Jews escaping Egpyt led by Moses
13
Q
Ten Commandments
A
- Moses received two tablets from Yahweh with the rules the Hebrews must follow
- Jews follow, called theocracy
14
Q
Israel
A
- northern part of the region
- contained 10/12 tribes
15
Q
Judah
A
- southern part of the region
- contained 2/12 tribes but had Jerusalem
16
Q
Saul
A
fought off Philistines and other enemies
17
Q
David
A
United tribes and captured Jerusalem
18
Q
Solomon
A
Built temple in Jerusalem
19
Q
Solomon’s Temple
A
- the central place of worship for the Israelites in Jerusalem
20
Q
Exile
A
- forcibly removed from your home country
- Hebrews exiled to Babylon for 50 years
21
Q
Diaspora
A
- the dispersion of Jewish people outside of Jerusalem
22
Q
Zealots
A
- political movement in the 1st century where the Romans were overthrown and a theocratic Jewish state was established
23
Q
Rosh Hashanah
A
- The Jewish New Year
- typically falls in September or early October
- deeply connected to spiritual renewal
24
Q
Yom Kippur
A
- the holiest day in the Jewish calendar; fast and get sins forgiven
- observed the 10th day of the Hebrew month; the last day of Rash Hashanah
25
Hanukkah
- 8-day holiday often falling in December
- Honors victory over the Maccabees
26
Passover
- celebrates the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt
- begins on the 15th day of Nisan, lasting for 7-8 days, falling late March/early April
- Jews recite the Exodus story and eat unleavened foods
