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Judgment Flashcards

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0
Q

Judgment is the basic _______

A

Thought process

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1
Q

Thinking is carried on by the means of what?

A

Judgment

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2
Q

Judgment largely depends on _____

A

Ideas

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3
Q

The building blocks of knowledge

A

Ideas

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4
Q

What is the nature of judgment?

A

The act of the intellect by which the agreement or disagreement of an idea is pronounced

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5
Q

Pronouncement on the case of judgment is _____

A

Predication

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6
Q

The idea predicated of another in judgment is called _____

A

Predicate idea or predicate

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7
Q

Idea of which the predicate is enunciated or predicated is called _____

A

Subject idea or subject

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8
Q

Ways of viewing judgment:

A
  • scope of subject

* accuracy, completeness or necessity with which the predicate applies to its subject

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9
Q

SCOPE OF SUBJECT

A
  • Universal
  • Singular
  • Particular
  • Indefinite
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10
Q

When its subject is taken in full scope pf meaning or in full extension

A

Universal judgment

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11
Q

Examples of universal judgment

A
  • All boys are not girls.
  • All planets are round.
  • All men are mortal.
  • All men are not immortal.
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12
Q

When its subject is taken in partial extension

A

Particular judgment

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13
Q

Examples of particular judgment

A
  • Some girls are not virgins.
  • Some boobs are small.
  • Some vaginas are loose.
  • Some penises are long.
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14
Q

When it refers to a specific individual

A

Singular judgment

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15
Q

Examples of singular judgment

A
  • That boy is handsome.
  • That song is awesome.
  • Niall is adorable.
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16
Q

When it does not indicate whether the subject is to be understood in full or only in partial

A

Indefinite Judgment

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17
Q

ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS OR NECESSITY WITH WHICH THE PREDICATE APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT

A
  • Specific judgment
  • Generic judgment
  • Differential judgment
  • Proper judgment
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18
Q

When the subject os is the species or complete essence of the subject

A

Specific Judgment

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19
Q

When the predicate is the genus or essential class of the subject

A

Generic Judgment

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20
Q

When the predicate differentiates it from the other essence with which it has a common genus

A

Differential Judgment

“Man is a rational animal”

DJ - Man is rational

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21
Q

When the predicate indicates something that belongs to the subject and no other

A

Proper Judgment

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22
Q

Elements of Judgment

A
  • ideas
  • comparison
  • predication
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23
Q

What is the essence of judgment?

A

For the mind to express in a mental act the agreement or disagreement of two ideas.

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24
A judgment is always either _____ or _____
True | False
25
When the intellect agrees with and perceives the actual relationship of two realities in the external world.
True judgment
26
When the mind deviates from and does not reflect the actual relationship between to realities
False Judgment
27
All singular judgments are also _________
Universal judgments
28
What is a proposition?
A statement which can either be true or false
29
A proposition is a statement which either _____ or ______ something
Affirms | Denies
30
Propositions are the sort of things which can be _____, _____ and ______ from and to.
Known Believed Reasoned
31
True propositions are called
Facts | Truths
32
False propositions are called
Untruths | Errors of facts
33
Characteristics of propositions
* All propositions are sentences/ statements, but not all sentences/ statements are propositions. * A proposition expresses either truth or falsity.
34
Why is it that not all sentences are propositions?
Some sentences do not contain judgment and in them nothing is affirmed or denied. Propositions always ends with a period.
35
What is a true proposition?
A proposition that corresponds with reality.
36
Kinds of proposition
* Categorical | * Hypothetical
37
What is a categorical proposition?
A kind of proposition that expresses an unconditional judgment. • Proposition in which the subject term is either affirmed or denied by the predicate term.
38
Elements of categorical propostion
MATTER - subject and predicate | FORM - copula
39
The thought content of a proposition, they are the materials out of which the proposition is made.
Subject and predicate
40
The bonding verb, the structure of a proposition, the unifying principle of a proposition
Copula
41
What is a valid proposition?
One which is true in its matter and correct in its form.
42
Elements of a categorical proposition
Subject Copula Predicate
43
They serve as the principal signs of the extension of the subject term.
Quantifiers
44
True or False | The quantity of the quantifier is the same as the quantity of the proposition.
True
45
The Copula is also called as ______
Qualifier
46
Proposition that expresses an affirmation and uses an affirmative copula is called a ______ proposition
Affirmative
47
Expresses negation or denial and uses a negative copula is called ______
Negative proposition
48
What question should be asked to identify a negative proposition?
Does the proposition express denial?
49
Rules governing the quantity of the predicate
* All affirmative propositions always have particular predicate terms. * All negative propositions always have universal predicate terms.
50
Proper names are
Universal
51
Circumstantial quantifiers
UAC UNC PAC PNC
52
Symbols of categorical propositions
* A Universal Affirmative * E Universal Negative * I Particular Affirmative * O Particular Negative
53
A and I are from the word
AFFIRMO
54
E and O are taken from the word
NEGO
55
Classifications
* According to quality * According to quantity * According to quality and quantity
56
According to quantity
* universal proposition | * particular proposition
57
A proposition having a universal quantifier
Universal proposition
58
A proposition having a particular quantifier
Particular proposition
59
According to quality
Affirmative | Negative
60
Has an affirmative copula
Affirmative proposition
61
Has a negative copula
Negative proposition
62
According to quality and quantity
A E I O
63
Refers to the basic agreement of the elements or parts of a proposition
Logical form
64
A proposition in logical form must be
Definite | Must contain S C P
65
What is a hypothetical proposition?
A proposition that unites or separates two enunciations by means of a non-verb copula.
66
Kinds of hypothetical proposition
Conditional Biconditional Conjunctive Disjunctive
67
What is a conditional proposition?
It is an if-then statement consisting of two parts.
68
A conditional proposition consists of two parts. What are they?
Antecedent | Consequent
69
It follows if and precedes then
Antecedent
70
It follows then and is the second part of a conditional proposition
Consequent
71
Connectives commonly used to form conditional propositions
``` If Only if In case On the condition that Provided that Unless ```
72
It is the distinctive nature of the conditional proposition to assert nothing but the ___________ between its two components
Necessity of logical connection
73
What is a biconditional proposition?
Expresses the idea that the presence of some property is a necessary and sufficient condition for the presence of some other property
74
Biconditional propositions are also called
If and only if statements
75
A combining statement that uses the connective "or" to join component clauses called disjuncts or alternatives of atleast one must be true.
Disjunctive proposition
76
Disjunctive proposition is also called ______
Either-or statement
77
Two kinds of disjunctive proposition
Complete disjunctive proposition | Incomplete disjunctive proposition
78
What is a complete disjunctive proposition?
A proposition with which only one of its disjuncts, NOT BOTH, can be true
79
What is an incomplete disjunctive proposition?
A proposition with which BOTH of its disjuncts MAY BE TRUE.
80
What is a conjunctive proposition?
Is a combining statement consisting of two coordinate clauses joined by AND. Both clauses must be true.
81
FANBOYS
``` For And Nor But Or Yet So ```
82
Logical form of categorical proposition
Reduction to logical form | Determining the concrete logical form
83
A hypothetical proposition states ______, _______ or _______ between two judgments, setts of ideas or statements.
Conditions Causation Opposition

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