Judical Flashcards
(27 cards)
Appellate Courts
Courts above the trial court
one of the two court systems that deals with cases that fall under the US Constitution. Criminal and civil
Federal court
Sate court
one of the two court systems that deals with cases that fall under the state constitution.
Criminal cases
a case involving someone who is accused of committing a crime. Government to person. State and federal
Civil
a case involving a disagreement between two parties or people.
Evidence
objects or information used in court to prove what really happened.
Jury trial
a trial where a group of people listens to the evidence and decides the case. Jury decides the case, the judge decides the consequence.
Verdict
The decision at the end of the case
Bench trial
a trial where only the judge hears the evidence and decides the case
Appeal
Asking a higher court to review the case
Panel
More than one judge listens to the case
Judaical Review
The power of the Supreme Court to decide the interpretation of the Constitution
Extradited
to send back, in the court of law this is referring to people who have left the jurisdiction of where the issue had taken place.
Statue
A law passed by comgress
United States Code
Collection of statues passed by Congress
Ordinances
Local laws that are passed by state governments that only apply within local boundaries (a city or county)
Regulations
rules passed by agencies in the Executive Branch to make sure the laws are enforced
Lawsuit
when one side complains that it has suffered because the other side has not followed the law properly. (civil law)
Precedents
a new interpretation of the law by the Supreme Court that must be followed in the future.
Misdemeanor
Less than a year in jail and a fine
Felonies
More than a year in jail
Civil laws
usually help settle disagreements between people (things like property, custody of children, divorce, contracts….)
Plaintiff
Someone who files a lawsuit against someone in court
Defendant
Someone who is charged with a crime or accused of other wrongdoing.
