judiciary

Question 1

standing to sue:

Answer 1

requirement that plaintiffs must have a serious interest in a case

Question 2

Class action suits:

Answer 2

laws permitting a small # of people to sue on behalf of all other people in similar circumstances

Question 3

Justiciable disputes:

Answer 3

issues capable of being settled as a matter of law

Question 4

Amicus curiae briefs:

Answer 4

attempt to influence the court’s’ decisions by raising other points of view

Question 5

Original jurisdiction:

Answer 5

hear a case first; determine facts

Question 6

Appellate jurisdiction:

Answer 6

hear cases brought to them on appeal from lower courts

Question 7

District courts:

Answer 7

91 federal courts of original jurisdiction; Hear no appeals; hold trials; impanel judges

Question 8

Diversity of citizenship:

Answer 8

regarding cases between citizens of two different states

Question 9

Courts of appeal:

Answer 9

appellate courts empowered to review all final decisions of district courts

Question 10

Supreme Court:

Answer 10

ensures uniformity in interpreting laws, resolves conflicts among states, and maintains national supremacy in law

Question 11

Senatorial courtesy:

Answer 11

nominations for state-level federal judges are not confirmed if opposed by a senator of the President’s party from the state where they will serve

Question 12

En banc:

Answer 12

all judges present in a court of appeals

Question 13

Writ of certiorari:

Answer 13

a formal document that calls up a case

Question 14

Solicitor general:

Answer 14

a presidential appointee and 3rd ranking office in the DOJ; In charge of appellate court litigation of the federal government

Question 15

Opinion:

Answer 15

a statement of legal reasoning behind a judicial decision

Question 16

Stare decisis:

Answer 16

“Let the decision stand”

Question 17

Precedent:

Answer 17

how similar cases have been decided in the past

Question 18

Judicial implementation:

Answer 18

how court decisions are translated into actual policy

Question 19

Original intent:

Answer 19

constitution should be interpreted according to the original intent of the framers

Question 20

Marbury vs. Madison:

Answer 20

established judicial review

Question 21

Judicial restraint:

Answer 21

judges adhere closely to precedent

Question 22

Judicial activism:

Answer 22

judges make bold policy decisions

Question 23

Political questions:

Answer 23

doctrine developed by the federal courts to avoid deciding some cases, usually between the President and Congress

Question 24

Statutory construction:

Answer 24

judicial interpretation of an act in Congress