June 7th, alternative approaches to Islam

Question 1

Hadith

Answer 1

Sayings of Muhammad

Question 2

Aqida

Answer 2

creed

Question 3

Kharijites

Answer 3

Islamic sect which emerged during the First Muslim Civil War (656–661).

Question 4

Takfir

Answer 4

unbelief

Question 5

Murji’a

Answer 5

those who postpone. An early Islamic sect. Murji’ah held the opinion that God alone has the right to judge whether or not a Muslim has become an apostate.

Question 6

Distinction taqwa and iman

Answer 6

taqwa: piety
iman: belief

Question 7

Degrees of faith

Answer 7

Islam: voluntary submission
Iman: belief
Ihsan: perfection of the faith

Question 8

Qadariyya

Answer 8

Early Islamic theologians who rejected the concept ofpredestination in Islam
,qadr , and asserted that humans possess absolutefree will, making them responsible for their actions, justifying divine punishment and absolving God of responsibility for evil in the world.

Question 9

Sinners according to the Qadariyya

Answer 9

Not unbeliever, not believer, they are hypocrites

Question 10

qadr

Answer 10

Predestination

Question 11

Kalam

Answer 11

dialective style

Question 12

Mihna

Answer 12

inquisition launched by the seventh Abbasid caliph, al-Ma˒mun (r. 813–833) toward the end of his reign to enforce the doctrine of the createdness of the Qur˒an.

Question 13

Taqlid

Answer 13

Conformity of one person to the teaching of another. The person who performs taqlid is termed muqallid.

Question 14

Tahafut al Falasifa

Answer 14

Al-Ghazali, incoherence of the philosophers

Question 15

Neoplatonism

Question 16

Mujahada, sufism

Answer 16

Struggle, the greater jihad

Question 17

Samt, sufism

Answer 17

silence

Question 18

Dhikr, sufism

Answer 18

remembrance

Question 19

Wilaya, sufism

Answer 19

Friendship with God

Question 20

Shawq, sufism

Answer 20

Yearning or passionate longing to be with God

Question 21

Tariqa

Answer 21

literally: way, path

brotherhood

Question 22

Silsila or isnad

Answer 22

Genealogical lineage