K Flashcards
(18 cards)
What county is Tolpuddle in?
Dorset
When did the Tolpuddle Martyrs case occur?
1834
How many Tolpuddle Martyrs were there?
6
Who was the main martyr?
George Loveless
Why were the martyrs arrested?
For swearing an illegal oath to form a trade union/friendly society to support each other in times of hardship
How much was the average agricultural labourers’ wage?
10 shillings
Why did the martyrs join together?
To support each other because their wages had fallen to 7 shillings
In what year were the Combination Acts repealed?
1824/5
What was the name of the local landowner and magistrate who charged the martyrs?
James Frampton
Why was the martyrs trial seen to be unjust?
All male landowning jury who employed the men and had reasons to convict them, only a 2 day trial
What happened to the Tolpuddle Martyrs?
Transported to Australia for 7 years where they were then to be sold as slaves.
When were the Tolpuddle Martyrs pardoned?
1836
Why were the martyrs pardoned?
800,000 signed petition, rallies around the country, Hyde Park rally
Which prime minister pardoned the martyrs?
Lord Russell as Home Secretary
Why was it difficult to form a national trades union before 1850? Give 2 reasons.
Government, employers, local self-interest, skilled/unskilled workers, bad communication, lack of funds.
Which unions joined together in 1851 to form the Amalgamated Society of Engineers?
Old Mechanics, Steam Engine Makers’ Society and the General Smiths
Name 2 characteristics of New Model Unionism?
Skilled workers, small unions joining together to create a large one, used negotiation rather than militancy, respect and moderation.
What was the idea of an ‘aristocracy of labour’ as described by the Webbs?
The division of skilled and unskilled labour/hierarchy of labour.
