KA1- SUSTAINABILITY & INTERDEPENDENCE

Question 1

FOOD SECURITY

Answer 1

the ability of human populations to access food of sufficient qualities and quantity.

Question 2

SUSTAINABILITY

Answer 2

doesn’t degrade natural resources upon which agriculture depends.

Question 3

FOOD SECURITY must include

Answer 3

Quality
Quantity
Access

Question 4

increasing food production depends on

Answer 4

-breeding higher yielding cultivars
-improvising characteristics to aid rearing and harvesting
-using fertilisers
-protecting crops from pests, disease and competition

Question 5

ENERGY is lost through

Answer 5

-heat
-movement
-undigested food and waste

Question 6

TROPHIC LEVEL

example

Answer 6

e.g primary consumer

Question 7

LIVESTOCK VS CROP PRODUCTION

Answer 7

-Crops produce more energy from food per square metre
-However not all land is suitable for crops so it’s better to have livestock there

Question 8

What is LIGHT

Answer 8

-form of electromagnetic radiation
-travels in waves
-measured in nanometres

Question 9

When light comes into contact with a surface what happens?

Answer 9

It can be:
ABSORBED
REFLECTED
TRANSMITTED

Question 10

What is light adsorbed by?

Answer 10

Photosynthetic pigments for photolysis (the light dependent stage) to generate ATP

Question 11

Why are there more than one pigments in a leaf?

Answer 11

To absorb different wavelengths of light

Question 12

CHLOROPHYLL A

Answer 12

Blue-green

Question 13

CHLOROPHYLL B

Answer 13

Yellow-green

Question 14

CAROTENOIDS

Answer 14

Carotene and Xanthophyll
Yellow

Question 15

ABSORPTION SPECTRUM

Answer 15

Shows the ABSORPTION of light of each wavelength by each pigment

Question 16

ACTION SPECTRUM

Answer 16

Shows the rate of photosynthesis at each light wavelength

Question 17

Describe briefly the fist stage of photosynthesis

Answer 17

Light energy is absorbed by pigments
Electrons transported through electron transport chain
Releases energy by moving ATP synthase
Energy used to split water (or Photolysis)
Hydrogen ions transferred to NADP to make NADPH for Calvin cycle

Question 18

What are two products of photosynthesis stage 1 that are moved onto stage 2?

Answer 18

ATP
NADPH

Question 19

What is not needed for the Calvin cycle?

Answer 19

Light

Question 20

Give a brief description of what happens in the Calvin cycle

Answer 20

CO2 enters and joins with RuBisCO to form 3PG
enzyme controlled reactions of ATP->ADP+Pi and NADPH->NADP
Forms G3P
Some of the product of G3P is converted into glucose
Some into RuBP

Question 21

What are the 4 uses of glucose?

Answer 21

-respiration
-starch (storage carbohydrate)
-cellulose (structural carbohydrate e.g. cell wall)
-biosynthesis pathways- DNA, protein, fat

Question 22

which compund combines with hydrogen during carbon fixation?

Answer 22

3PG

Question 23

what is the role of carotenoids in green plants?

Answer 23

they extend the range of wavelengths of light absorbed and pass the energy into chlorophyll

Question 24

pigment that absorbs red/blue light

Answer 24

chlorophyll

Question 25

Name peice of appuratus that could be used to show which colours of light that are absorbed by different photosynthetic pigments.

Answer 25

spectrometer