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Genetics Ch. 6 and 7 > Karyotypes > Flashcards

Flashcards in Karyotypes Deck (14)
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1
Q

Karyotype

A

Characteristics chromosome complement of a eukaryote species

2
Q

In normal autosomal chromosomes

A

Present in 2 identical copies

May or may not be sex chromosomes

3
Q

Polyploid Cells

A

Multiple copies of chromosomes and haploid cells have single copies

4
Q

Karyology

A

The study of whole sets of chromosomes

Nuclei and chromosomes inside

5
Q

Traditional process for karyotyping

A

Adding a dye to metaphasic chromosomes

6
Q

Different dyes that affect of the chromosomes are used for

A

range of identification purposes

Such as diagnosing Down Syndrome

7
Q

One common dye used is

A

Giemsa

8
Q

Giemsa is the process known as

A

G-Banding

9
Q

Why is the dye effective?

A

It markedly stains the bands on a chromosome

10
Q

Each chromosome can be identified by

A

Banding pattern

Result is similar overall gray values for each a chromosome

11
Q

Karyogram or idiogram

A

In pairs, ordered by size and position of centromere for chromosomes of the same size

12
Q

New karyotyping methods

A

Fluorescent dyes that bind to specific regions of chromosome

13
Q

By using series of specific probes each with varying amounts of dyes

A

Different pairs of chromosomes have unique spectral characteristics

14
Q

Pairing of the chromosome is simpler because….

A

Homologous pairs are the same color and aberrations and cross-overs are more easily recognizable