Kays

Question 1

outbreaks of previously unknown diseases or known diseases whose incidence in humans had significantly increased or threatens to increase in the future

Answer 1

emerging infectious disease

Question 2

diseases that have reappeared after a significant decline in incidence

Answer 2

re-emerging infectious disease

Question 3

since the 1970s ___ infectious diseases have been discovered or identified

Answer 3

greater than 40

Question 4

SARS-COV2 stands for

Answer 4

severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Question 5

first case of covid was identified in

Answer 5

wuhan china december 2019
indiana march 6th 2020

Question 6

how long does it take for symptoms of covid to appear after exposure?

Answer 6

2-14 days

Question 7

viral shedding is a problem with

Answer 7

PCR testing, can stay in system for awhile

Question 8

mean incubation period

Answer 8

5-6 days

Question 9

stage 1 is

Answer 9

viral response phase

Question 10

stage 3 is

Answer 10

inflammatory phase

Question 11

symptoms of viral phase

Answer 11

fever, dry cough, lymphopenia

Question 12

symptoms pulmonary phase (stage 2)

Answer 12

SOB, abnormal chest imaging

Question 13

symptoms inflammatory phase

Answer 13

ARDS, SIRS/shock, cardiac failure
elevated inflammatory markers

Question 14

critical illness is defined as

Answer 14

patients on mechanical oxygen, ECMO, organ dysfunction in sepsis

Question 15

severe illness is defined as

Answer 15

SpO2 less than 94% including patients with supplemental oxygen

Question 16

mild to moderate illness is defined as

Answer 16

SpO2 greater than 94% not requiring supplemental oxygen

Question 17

critically ill hospital patients with COVID 19 recommendation

Answer 17

dexamethasone 6 mg for 10 days

Question 18

severely ill hospital patients with COVID 19 suggestion

Answer 18

dexamethasone

Question 19

mild to moderately ill hospital patients with COVID 19 suggestion

Answer 19

no dexamethasone

Question 20

mild to moderately ill hospital patients with COVID 19 suggests against use of

Answer 20

inhaled corticosteroids

Question 21

hospitalized COVID 19 patients with markers of systemic inflammation, sugggests

Answer 21

tocilizumab

Question 22

when tocilizumab is not available ___ can be used

Answer 22

sarilumab

Question 23

what is tocilizimab

Answer 23

anti IL6

Question 24

what is remdesivir

Answer 24

was emergency authorized, interferes with viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase, failed initial treatment of ebola virus

Question 25

what can happen with remdesivir?

Answer 25

AST/ALT increase

Question 26

mild to moderate COVID patients at high risk for progression to severe disease

Answer 26

remdesivir within 7 days of sx

Question 27

COVID 19 patients on supplemental oxygen (not mechanical or ECHMO)

Answer 27

remdesivir for 5 days

Question 28

COVID patients with severe suggest ___ over no antiviral treatment

Answer 28

remdesivr

Question 29

COVID patients on ECMO or mechanical vent suggests against use of ___

Answer 29

remdesivir

Question 30

mild to moderate COVID19 patients at risk for progression to severe disease suggests

Answer 30

nirmatrelvir/ritonavir within 5 days of onset

Question 31

mid to moderate COVID19 patients at risk for progression to severe disease if no other suggestions

Answer 31

molnupiravir

Question 32

signs and symptoms of monkey pox

Answer 32

rash, fever, malaise

Question 33

monkey pox treatment

Answer 33

tecovirimat

Question 34

#1 reported case

Answer 34

chylamidia

Question 35

what disease is more common in women cause they get tested

Answer 35

chylamydia

Question 36

chlamydia and gonorrhea most common in

Answer 36

age 20-24

Question 37

what drug has highest percentage of resistance in gonorrea

Answer 37

ciprofloxacin

Question 38

when did syphilis spike

Answer 38

nov 2021

Question 39

treatment of chlamydia treatment

Answer 39

doxycycline 100 mg BID x 7 days

Question 40

alternate regimens to chlamydia treatment

Answer 40

azithromycin 1 g or levofloxacin 500 mg

Question 41

treatment of gonococcal infection cervix, urethra, rectum

Answer 41

ceftriaxone 500 mg single dose

Question 42

primary and secondary syphilis among adults

Answer 42

benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million single dose or doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 14 days

Question 43

latent syphillus treatment

Answer 43

doxycycline 100 mg BID x 14 days

Question 44

who warned us of antibiotic abuse?

Answer 44

Alexander Fleming 1945

Question 45

organisms always resistant to given antibiotic ex b lactams, vanc, cephalosporins

Answer 45

intrinsic resistance

Question 46

organisms initially susceptible to drug become resistant ex. fluoroquinolones

Answer 46

acquired resistance

Question 47

conjugation is

Answer 47

direct contact or mating via sex (most common)

Question 48

transduction is

Answer 48

genes are transferred between bacteria by bacteriophage (viruses)

Question 49

transformation is

Answer 49

transfer or uptake of free floating DNA from the environment

Question 50

example of ESBL

Answer 50

CTX-M-15

Question 51

example of serine carbapenems

Answer 51

KPC

Question 52

example of metallo b lactamases

Answer 52

VIM, IMP, NDM

Question 53

example of cephalosporinases

Answer 53

AmpC

Question 54

urgent threats in antibiotic resistance

Answer 54

carbapenem resistant

Question 55

serious threats in antibiotic resistance

Answer 55

ESBL, multidrug resistant pseudomaonas

Question 56

what is ceftazidime avibactam used for

Answer 56

intra abdominal infections, UTIs, VABP

Question 57

what is meropenem-vaborbactam used for

Answer 57

complicated UTIs

Question 58

what is imipenem cilastatin relebactam used for

Answer 58

complicated UTIs, intra abdombinal infections

Question 59

which drug is the trojan horse

Answer 59

cefiderocol (fetroja)