Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

boards keep forgetting > keep forgetting > Flashcards

keep forgetting Flashcards

1
Q

HIV gp120

A

attaches to CD4+ T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

HIV gp40

A

fusion and entry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

HIV pol

A

reverse transcriptase, aspartate protease, integrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

HIV gag (p24)

A

capsid protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

specificity

A

how many people without the disease test (-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

negative predictive value

A

how many of the (-) results are true (-)?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rovsing sign indicates?

A

appendicitis (pressure in LLQ with quick release induces pain in the RLQ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Projection

A

A man who wants to cheat on his wife is convinced his wife is cheating on him

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Displacement

A

Mom yells and me, then I yell at Baxter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Transferance

A

father who was never there for his son, now the son is in therapy but when the therapist unexpectedly cancels the son says “you obviously can not make me a priority”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Kimmelstein Wilson nodules

A

diabetic nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

schizophrenia

schizophreniform

A

schizophrenia: >6 months
schizophreniform: 1-6mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

brief psychotic disorder

A

<1 mo of schizo-like stuff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

schizoaffective

A

> or = 2 weeks of stable mood with psychotic symptoms & also history of manic or depressive episodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

somatization disorder

A

need at least: 4pain complaints, 2 GI, 1 sexual, 1 neuro (8 total)
symptoms are not explained by medical work up
pt usually <30
exacerbated by anxiety/depression/relationship prob

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

factitious disorder

A

person totally faking it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypochondriasm

A

preoccupation/fear of disease
> or = 6 months of this
person uses excessive remedies
believes their disease to be real

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

nephrotic

A 
proteinuria (>3.5g/day) 
hypoalbumnemia (pitting edema) 
hypogammaglobulinemia
hypercoaguable
hyperlipidemia/hypercholesterolemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nephritic

A 
limited proteinuria (<3.5g/day) 
oliguria (not peeing a lot) 
azotemia (^ nitrogenous waste in the blood) 
salt retention 
periorbital edema 
HTN 
RBC casts and dysmorphic RBC in urine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

SLE and nephritic

A

Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis

most often

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

SLE and nephrotic

A

Membranous Glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

t(9;22)

A

CML
philadelphia chromosome
Bcr-Abl hybrid formation; tyrosine kinase always on
tx: imatinib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

t(8;14)

A 
burkitt lymphoma
cmyc activation (increased proliferation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

t(11;14)

A

Mantle Cell lymphoma

cyclin D activation (G1 –> S phase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
t(14;18)
``` Follicular cell lymphoma (aka Nonhodgkins) Bcl2 activation (no apoptosis, usually apoptosis is super active in the thyroid) ```
26
accurate
hit the bullseye (dead center) each time
27
precision
hit off center, but in the same location every time
28
t(11;22)
Ewing Sarcoma
29
Ashkenazi Jew (2)
``` Tay sachs (most commonly) Gauchers ```
30
Argyl Robertson pupil
syph | pupil constricts to accomidate but isnt reactive to light
31
Meig's syndrome
triad: 1. ovarian fibroma 2. ascites 3. pleural effusion
32
high pitched, blowing diastolic murmur
Aortic Regurgitation | (head bobbing, wide pulse pressures
33
low, rumbling, diastolic murmur
Mitral Stenosis
34
radiates to carotids, pulsus parvus et tardus
Aortic Stenosis (systolic murmur)
35
post herpatic neuralgia
tx: amylitriptiline (this is a TCA) | famcyclovir can only be given early in shingles outbreak
36
phenylalanine --> tyrosine --> dopa --> xx --> xx -> xx
...dopa --> dopamine --> norepi --> epi
37
the 2 diastolic murmurs
Aortic regurg | mitral stenosis
38
Conversion disorder
sudden loss of sensory or motor function following an acute stressor most often adolescent females
39
SNRIs
venlafaxine, duloxetine
40
case control study magic word
likelihood/likely
41
cohort study magic word
risk
42
cross-sectional study magic word
prevalence (this is the "snapshot" one)
43
leading cause of death in ppl >65
heart disease
44
leading cause of death in ppl 45-65
neoplasms
45
girl with unrelenting bleeding with menarche, only bleeding time is prolonged, normal blood count
vWF deficiency! "platelet adhesion deficiency" (PTT may be slightly elevated) tx: DESMOPRESSIN!!!! (cioc cards)
46
is it Autosomal Recessive?
Kartageners, Cystic Fibrosis, Crigler Najjar
47
is it Autosomal Dominant?
Achondroplasia's Familial PKD met Marfans Tuberous Neurofibromatosis at MEN for hereditary huntingtons autosomal dominant von hippel landau
48
is it Xlinked Recessive?
Wiscott, Fabry, Lesch & Duchenne met a British Ornathine Hunter with occular Albanism& hemophilia at G6PD recessive x-ing
49
Beckwith Weidemann syndrome
``` WAGR wilms tumor (mesodermal origin) aniridia (no iris) GU malformation mental retardation ``` Combank also mentions: organomegaly, macroglossia, hypoglycemia (insulin resistance)
50
B1
thiamine (think alcoholics, mamillary body degeneration)
51
B2
riboflavin
52
B3
niacin | defic - pellegra (the 3 D's: diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis)
53
B6
pyridoxine
54
B7
biotin (too much egg nog = defic)
55
B9
folic acid
56
B12
cobalamin
57
vitamins mnemonic
The rhythm nearly proved fatal | B1 B2 B3 B6 B9
58
Tamsulosin
BPH -- relaxes smooth m | antagonist of alpha1 A/D Receptors
59
Terbutaline
keep baby in there | B2 AGonist- relaxes uterus
60
Teichoic acid? | LPS?
techoic acid -- gram + | LPS - gram -
61
increasing the threshold for a positive screening test (ie 120--> 130) will do what?
increase SPECIFICITY bc it decreases the number of fasle positives
62
pure sensory stroke?
ventral posterolateral thalamus
63
is it an exudate?
yes to at least 1: ratio of pleural effusion protein: serum protein >0.5 ratio of pleural effusion LDH : serum LDH >0.6 pleural effusion LDH > upper 2/3 limit of normal serum LDH
64
causes of transudate? (3)
CHF Cirrhosis nephrotic syndrome
65
causes of exudate (4)
infection PE malignancy collagen vascular disease
66
dorsal columns?
posterior columns | do vibe/discriminate touch/proprioception
67
pertussis toxin
inhibits Gi; get increased intracellular cAMP
68
cholera toxin
AB toxin stimulates Gs (Ribosylates it) adenylate cyclase on -- ^cAMP
69
shiga toxin/ shiga-like toxin (EHEC)
inactivates 60S ribosome, decreasing host cell protein synthesis
70
M protein
Strep pyogenes virulence (does cellulitis, strep throat, just not scarlet fever)
71
Protein A
Staph aureus | binds Fc portion of IgG
72
Streptococcal pyogenic exotoxin
Strep pyogenese virulence for scarlet fever
73
leucovorin
folic acid analog
74
spiking fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia
Visceral Leishmaniasis (organism: Leishmania donovani)
75
Fever, headache, anemia, splenomegaly
Malaria
76
Fever and hemolytic anemia
Babesiosis
77
positive leukocyte esterase test
bacterial UTI
78
Positive Nitrite test
gram negative Bacterial UTI
79
Hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, thrombocytopenia, and growth retardation
nonspecific signs of ToRCHeS infections
80
chromogranin positive
carcinoid tumor of the lung
81
most common tumor in male smokers
squamous cell carcinoma (produces PTHrP)
82
Kulchitsky cells
small cell carcinoma
83
too much aldosterone
Conns syndrome
84
too much copper
wilsons | tx: penacillamine
85
too much iron
hemochromotosis (root: heme)
86
eyes look toward lesion
Lesion in frontal eye fields
87
Eyes look away from side of lesion
lesion in paramedian pontine reticular formation
88
Nate's old roommate was described as having Kluver-Bucy Syndrome where in the brain is the lesion? and was is the association?
Lesion in Amygdala Association with HSV-1 pt is presenting as hyperorality, hypersexuality, and disinhibited behavior
89
Arylsulfatase A deficiency
Metachromatic leukodystrophy
90
Heart failure
Increase in capillary pressure
91
nephrotic syndrome/liver failure
decrease in plasma proteins
92
toxins, infections, burns
increase in capillary permeability
93
lymphatic blockage
increase in interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure
94
The difference between FAP and HNPCC??
FAP= 1000 polyps | HNPCC usually less than 100 polyps or no polyps
95
sickle cell anemia genetics
Chromosome 11--autosomal recessive
96
Chediak Higashi Syndrome
Recurrenty pyogenic infections (staph and strep) partial albinism Peripheral neuropathy defect in lysosomal trafficking regulator gene (microtubule dysfunction in phagosome lysosome fusion)
97
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Thrombocytopenic purpura Infections Eczema x-linked WASP gene on x chromosome-->Tcells unable to reorganize actin in cytoskeleton
98
Mental retardation, growth retardation, seizures, fair skin, eczema, musty body odor Tyrosine is no essential
Phenylketonuria | d/t decrease in phenylalanine hydroxylase or decrease in tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor
99
Spherocytosis associated with???
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (which is associated with CLL) | Hereditary spherocytosis
100
Overdose of Dextromethorphan (an antitussive)
Naloxone can be given for overdose
101
Polymyostis
symmetric proximal muscle weakness | endomysial inflammation with CD8+ T cells
102
Dermatomyositis
similar to polymyostis involves malar rash, heliotrope rash, "shawl and face rash", "mechanic's hands" Perimysial inflammation and atrophy with CD4+Tcells
103
Mallory Bodies
aka eosinophilic hyaline inclusion bodies | Think Alcoholic hepatitis
104
levels that make up Median nerve
C5-T1
105
Levels that make up musculocutaneous nerve
C5-C7
106
levels that make up ulnar nerve
C7-T1
107
Wright's test
neurovascular compromise under pectoralis minor muscle at the coracoid process.
108
Adson's test
neurovascular bundle by tight scalene muscles

boards keep forgetting (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions