Keeping Healthy

Question 1

What is needed to keep a person healthy and prevent malnourishment?

Answer 1

Mineral ions and vitamins

Question 2

What is metabolic rate?

Answer 2

The rate at which the chemical reactions in the cells take place

Question 3

What does exercise increase?

Answer 3

Metabolic rate

Question 4

What is a factor that is inherited and can affect your metabolic rate?

Answer 4

Proportion of muscle to fat

Question 5

What happens if the energy you take in equals the energy you use?

Answer 5

Stay the same mass

Question 6

What happens if you eat too much food?

Answer 6

Become Overweight and obese

Question 7

What can long term obesity lead to?

Answer 7

Type 2 diabetes- high blood sugar

Question 8

How can your risk of health issues such as diabetes?

Answer 8

Eating less carbohydrates

Increasing excercise

Question 9

What happens to people who eat too little?

Answer 9

They may find it difficult to walk and may suffer from deficiency diseases due to lack of vitamins or minerals

Question 10

Why do starving people find it difficult to walk?

Answer 10

Too little energy

May have a disease

Question 11

What can affect your metabolic rate?

Answer 11

Genes

Question 12

What can bad cholesterol lead to?

Answer 12

Heart disease

Question 13

What can increase cholesterol levels?

Answer 13

Food rich in saturated fats

Question 14

What is some good cholesterol needed for?

Answer 14

Cell embraces to make substances

Question 15

What can reduce cholesterol levels?

Answer 15

Excercise

Question 16

What makes you put on weight?

Answer 16

Food contains energy the excess energy is stored as fat

Question 17

What are pathogens?

Answer 17

Tiny microorganisms usually bacteria or viruses

Question 18

What do bacteria and viruses produce in the body that make you feel ill?

Answer 18

Toxins

Question 19

What do viruses do?

Answer 19

Reproduce inside cells and damage them

Question 20

Why did it take a long time for others to accept the ideas of Semmelweis?

Answer 20

None knew about back terai and viruses

Question 21

What does the skin do?

Answer 21

Prevents pathogens from entering the body

Question 22

What also traps pathogens?

Answer 22

Mucus and are killed by the stomach

Question 23

How do white blood cells protect the body from pathogens?

Answer 23

Ingest pathogens, they digest and destroy them
Produce antibodies, which destroy pathogens
Produce antitoxins, counteract toxins that pathogens produce

Question 24

What can medicines do?

Answer 24

Some may relieve symptoms of an illness and some can kill pathogens

Question 25

Why are antibiotics only useful on bacteria?

Answer 25

Viruses are inside the bodies cells

Question 26

Who discovered penicillin?

Answer 26

Alexander Fleming

Question 27

What can be used in laboratory investigations for finding the effects of antibiotics?

Answer 27

Pure cultures of non-pathogenic safe bacteria

Question 28

Where could contamination in a culture come from?

Answer 28

Skin, the air soil or water

Question 29

How can cultures be kept uncontaminated?

Answer 29

Containing microorganisms must be killed | Or prevented from entering the culture

Question 30

What can bacteria be grown in in a lab?

Answer 30

Agar jelly

Question 31

What is a culture medium?

Answer 31

A substance containing the nutrients needed for microorganisms to grow

Question 32

What must be done to culture microorganisms?

Answer 32

Give them a liquid or gel containing nutrients (culture medium) containing carbs as an energy source, minerals and chemicals Provide warmth and oxygen Keep them incubated at 25 degrees in school 35 in industry

Question 33

How do you keep a culture pure?

Answer 33

Kill all bacteria on the equipment, pass metal loops through flame, boil solutions Prevent microorganisms entering the culture

Question 34

Why do some pathogens soread so rapidly?

Answer 34

Very few will be immune to the new pathogen

Question 35

What's an epidemic?

Answer 35

When more cases of an infection are recorded than normal

Question 36

What do mutated pathogens make?

Answer 36

A new strain of the disease that may resist drugs

Question 37

How is natural sleep tin demonstrated with antibiotic resistant bacteria?

Answer 37

The resistant bacteria survive and reproduce and a whole population of a resistant strain develops. This is natural selsction

Question 38

What is an example of a antibiotics resistant bacteria?

Answer 38

MRSA

Question 39

What is used to make a vaccine?

Answer 39

A dead or in active form of the pathogen

Question 40

How does a vaccination make someone immune?

Answer 40

The dead pathogen is injected which stimulates the production of white blood cells. It prevents further infection as the body responds quickly by producing more antibodies. The antibodies quickly recognise the antigen

Question 41

What does MMR prevent?

Answer 41

Measles, mumps rubella

Question 42

Does everyone have to be vaccinated to protect society from serious illness?

Answer 42

No but most

Question 43

What can measles lead to?

Answer 43

Deafness and occasionally death

Question 44

What can overuse of antibiotics lead to?

Answer 44

Ew strains of bacteria

Question 45

What are the advantages and disadvantages of vaccinations?

Answer 45

Ads: protects society from disease | Dis ads: possible side effects

Question 46

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 46

It should include everything needed to keep the body healthy