Ketorolac Flashcards
What is Ketorolac and its role in anesthesia and pain management?
Ketorolac is a potent non-opioid analgesic and NSAID important for multimodal analgesia and opioid-sparing in perioperative pain management, offering anti-inflammatory properties and improved pain control.
How does Ketorolac contribute to multimodal analgesia?
As part of multimodal analgesia, Ketorolac uses different mechanisms of action to provide effective pain control, improving patient comfort and reducing recovery time while minimizing side effects of single medications.
What is the opioid-sparing effect of Ketorolac?
Ketorolac reduces the need for opioid medications, thereby decreasing potential opioid-related side effects like respiratory depression and constipation, and the risk of opioid dependence.
Describe the anti-inflammatory properties of Ketorolac.
As an NSAID, Ketorolac has anti-inflammatory properties that reduce inflammation and swelling post-surgery, contributing to better pain control and faster recovery.
What makes Ketorolac effective in reducing postoperative pain?
Effective in reducing postoperative pain when administered preoperatively, intraoperatively, or postoperatively, Ketorolac improves patient satisfaction and shortens hospital stays through adequate pain management.
Detail the mechanism of action of Ketorolac.
Ketorolac inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis, particularly PGE2, leading to decreased inflammation and pain perception, offering relief from moderate to severe pain.
What are the key pharmacological characteristics of Ketorolac?
As a parenteral NSAID, Ketorolac exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, affecting platelet aggregation and potentially leading to GI or renal side effects.
Discuss the potential side effects and precautions associated with Ketorolac.
Long-term use may result in renal toxicity or GI ulceration with bleeding. It’s advised to use reduced doses in elderly patients and avoid in those with peptic ulcer disease or renal impairment.
