Key Area 6: Respiration Flashcards
(39 cards)
Respiration
the cellular process that releases energy from food and stores it as ATP.
Glucose
the main source of chemical energy in a living cell
ATP
a molecule that stores and transfers energy in cells
Pyruvate
key intermediate molecule in metabolism
Aerobic respiration
a chemical process that uses oxygen to break down nutrients and produce energy
Fermentation
a metabolic process that breaks down glucose without oxygen to produce energy
Lactate
the deprotonated form of lactic acid, which is a substance produced when the body breaks down glucose without oxygen
Carbon dioxide and ethanol
Cytoplasm
the fluid that fills the inside of a cel
Mitochondria
Where aerobic respiration takes place and ATP is produced in the cell.
ADP
a biological molecule that plays a key role in the flow of energy in living organism
Chemical energy is released
when food is burnt as heat and light energy
In living cells chemical energy is released in a series of
enzyme controlled reactions in respiration
ATP —> ADP + Pi
releases energy
ADP + Pi —> ATP
requires energy
First stage of respiration
The breakdown of glucose, this is identical for aerobic respiration and fermentation
Second stage of respiration
The fate of pyruvate, this stage is different for aerobic respiration and fermentation pathways
The first stage of respiration takes place in the
Cytoplasm
Glucose is broken down in a series of enzyme controlled reactions to form ….. oxygen does ….
- two molecules of pyruvate, two ATP molecules
- not need to be present
Aerobic respiration takes place in the
Mitochondria
Aerobic respiration involves the breakdown of …. in a series of enzyme controlled reactions to release….
- Pyruvate
- carbon dioxide, water, and 18 molecules of ATP per pyruvate molecule
In aerobic respiration a total of … are produced for each ….
- 38 ATP
- original glucose molecule
In fermentation, … is present
no oxygen
In fermentation glucose is broken down to
2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
