Key Aspects Of The Host, Pathogen, Environment Flashcards
What is a microorganism?
An organism that is so small that it is microscopic (invisible to naked eye)
What type of microorganism are the majority of microorganisms ?
Non-pathogenic microorganisms
Pathogenic microorganisms
- pathogens
- causes disease upon colonization of the host
Obligate pathogen
Must infect host & cause disease in order to multiply & transmitted from 1 host to another
Facultative pathogen
- Infects and multiplies in hosts
- can mult. In environment
Opportunistic pathogen
Does not ordinarily cause disease, but under certain conditions becomes pathogenic
Disease
Disorder of structure/function in host which impacts host
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms
Etiology
Study of the cause of disease
Infection
Invasion & mult. of pathogens in indiv./ pop.
Koch’s postulate
The 4 criteria that establishes a causative relationship between disease & microorganisms
Koch’s postulate step 1
Suspected causative agent must be absent from all healthy orgs but present in all diseased orgs
Koch’s postulate: step 2
Causative agent must be isolated fr diseased org & grown in pure culture
KP - 3
Cultured agent causes same disease when inoculated into healthy susceptible org
KP 4
Same causative agent must be reisolated fr inoculated diseased org
What are the 5 periods of an infectious diseases
- Incubation period
- Prodromal period
- Period of illness
- Period of decline
- Period of Convalescence
Incubation period
When a vet learns how to do a good anamnesis
- shedding disease
- can be short or long
Prodromal period
1st symptoms: fever, not eating/feeling well
-can be short/long
Period of illness
More specific symptoms, pointing towards disease
-coughing, abdominal pain
Period of decline
Naturally healed or w/ help
Period of Convalescence
Symptoms have disappeared
- still shedding but no symptoms
Zoonotic diseases
Infectious diseases of animals that can cause disease when transmitted to humans
How many people are killed each rear by zoonotic diseases?
A) 2.4 million
B) 1 billion
C) 2.2 million 🦠
D) 2 million
How many people are sicken by zoonotic diseases each year?
A. 2.4 billion 🦠
B. 2.4 million
C. 3.5 billion
D. 2.5 million
