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Sociology Fam + households > Key Concepts > Flashcards

Key Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Families

A

Groups of people related by kinship ties - relations of blood, marriage, civil partnerships/ adoption

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2
Q

Households

A

1 person living alone/ group of people who live at same address
Share living arrangements (bills, meals, chores etc.)

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3
Q

Nuclear Family

A

2 generation family

2 heterosexual adults + their dependent children (own/ adopted)

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4
Q

Traditional (conventional) Nuclear Family

A

2 generation family
2 heterosexual adults (married)
Gender roles = segregated

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5
Q

Extended Family

A

2+ generations of family members

With additions beyond TNF

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6
Q

Horizontal Extended Family

A

Same generation

e.g aunties, uncles, cousins

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7
Q

Vertical Extended Family

A

Older/ younger generations

e.g grandparents

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8
Q

Classic Extended Family

A

Kin who live in same household/ close proximity

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9
Q

Modified Extended Family

A

Kin who = geographically dispersed

Maintain regular contact via technology

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10
Q

Beanpole Family

A

Multi-generational family (3+ generations)
Few people in each
Due to increased life expectancy;
Grandparents play important role in care of (great) grandchildren

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11
Q

Matrifocal Family

A

Female headed families
No adult males
e.g. African Caribbean families have a high proportion of matrifocal families (50%)

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12
Q

Patriarchal Family

A

Male headed/ dominant family

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13
Q

Same Sex Family

A

Headed by lesbian/ gay couples

With(out) children

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14
Q

Single/ Lone Parent Families

SPF

A

Headed by 1 adult

90% = headed by women

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15
Q

LAT Family

A

Living Apart Together
Families/ couples who don’t live together
Usually for work reasons

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16
Q

Empty Shell Family

A

Couple living together

Not emotionally committed to one another

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17
Q

Empty Nest Family

A 
Family where children have left home
Just parent(s)
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18
Q

Single/ Lone Person Household

A

Person living alone through choice, divorce or bereavement

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19
Q

Reconstituted Family

A

Family where 1+ of parents bring children from another relationship
(Step-family)

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20
Q

Symmetrical Family

A

Nuclear family with joint conjugal roles
Husband/ wife or co-habiting couples share domestic labour, childcare and leisure activities
Relationship = egalitarian

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21
Q

Neo-Conventional Family

A

Contemporary version of NF
Both parents work + share domestic work
Parents may be married/ co-habiting
Children = their biological/ adopted offspring

CHESTER believes this = most families are like

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22
Q

Cult of Childhood

A

S become obsessed with childhood

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23
Q

Child-centered

A

Children = focal point of family + wider S

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24
Q

Economic Asset

A

Children = perceived as financially +ve

Bringing in £, contributing to economy

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25
Social Construct
Created by society WAGG says this about childhood
26
Toxic Childhood
PALMER argues technology benefit adults Damage children Used to replace trad. parenting techniques
27
March of Progress
Wider S, family + therefore childhood = improving as time goes on
28
Age Patriarchy
Adults have power + control over children GITTINS
29
Disappearance of Chidhood
POSTMAN'S view that childhood is no longer a distinct stage
30
Cross Cultural
Approach compares childhood in 1 S with another
31
Golden Age of Childhood
Childhood = time of happiness + innocence PILCHER
32
Factory Acts
Law that removed children from workplace
33
Mini-adults
Described children in middle ages ARIES'
34
Functional Fit
Nuclear structure of family emerged to meet needs of industrial society PARSONS
35
Structural differentiation
Transfer of responsibilities/ function from one social institution to another
36
Nayar
S in south-west India (19th cent) | Used to criticise Murdock
37
Geographical mobility
Movement of people + families from 1 place to another
38
Loss of functions
Process where family becomes responsible for fewer functions | Through structural differentiation
39
SOAP
Adults can release tensions Enables them to return to work the next day, ready to meet it's demands Functional for economic efficiency
40
Home-centred
Idea that as the standards of living are rise, families become more privatised W+Y
41
Primary socialisation of children
1st stage in process of learning culture of S | Takes place within the fam
42
Industrialisation
Economic changes from farming to factories
43
Social mobility
Movement of groups/ individuals up or down social hierarchy
44
Achieved status
Social position based on individual effort, ability + reward
45
Conservative
Ideology which emphasises traditional values + dislikes social change
46
Overgenerous welfare state
Describes the state as too interfering in the lives of individuals
47
Privatisation
NR social policy of transferring an enterprise/ industry from the social sector (NHS) to the private sector
48
Free markets
NR economic system in which parties are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses
49
Abolition of welfare benefits
NR policy aimed at removing the underclass and their perceived culture of dependency
50
Underclass
Social class said by the NR to have carted an 'overgenerous' welfare state
51
Dependency culture
A shared way of life viewed negatively in which members are said to depend on state benefits rather than working for a living
52
Decline of the family
NR ideology which maintains that family values + traditional moral beliefs are breaking down and must be reversed
53
Nanny state
NR view of the welfare state
54
Moral decay
NR belief that S is in decline cause by a breakdown in traditional n+v
55
Capitalism
Economic system of production for profit | 1 class = means of production, other = their labour
56
Proletariat
``` Social class of workers Have to work for wages; don't have means of production ```
57
Infrastructure
Economic base of S
58
Communism
``` Equal society without social classes/ class conflict Means of production = common property of all ```
59
Social class
Social group who share a similar economic situation e.g income and wealth
60
Bourgeoisie
Social class of owners of the means of production
61
Private property
Land + belongings owned by a social group/ individual | Kept for their exclusive use
62
Buffer zone
Idea families provide a space which appears to protect workers form the full-force of misery caused by C ZARETSKY
63
ISA
Ideologica Sete Apparatus Part of the superstructure that brainwash people into accepting inequalities ALTHUSSER
64
Policing families
Describes social control of poor families by state professionals to 'improve' and change them DONZELOT
65
Pester powers
Children demand the latest faction items/ gadgets from parents contributes to the family as a unit of consumption
66
Superstructure
Parts of S which = based on the economic infrastructure including social institutions (fam, Ed)
67
Gender scripts
Expects norms that set out the different gender roles men and women play in a heterosexual household
68
Housewife role
Socially constructed role expected of women as a result of the industrial revolution
69
Gender role socialisation
Process of learning different roles associated with gender
70
Gender roles
Patterns of behaviour that are expected of individuals according to gender
71
DDOL
Division of roles, responsibilities + tasks within the home
72
Conjugal roles
Roles played by men + women in a marriage/ cohabitation relationship

Sociology Fam + households (16 decks)

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