Key Dates Flashcards

Question

India T2

Answer 1

1901- Curzon deals with the Russian “external threat” - North West Frontier created to protect the border from feared Russian incursions 1905- Partition of Bengal, Muslim East province and Hindu West province. Curzon resigns after boycott backlash 1905- Shimla delegation, treating Muslim Indian as a seperate group 1907- Entente agreement with Russia respect independence of Tibet 1910- Democratic reform enlarged provincial councils & 135 Indians were able to secure seats, play a greater role in the gov on the provincial level 1911- Reunification of Bengal

Answer 2

1914- 8.5 million soldiers fighting, 2.8 million were from empire & 1.8 mill were Indian mainly volunteers 1916- Sykes- Picot Agreement where British and French secretly claimed parts of territory in the Middle East: British had Palestine, Trans-Jordan and Mesopotamia

Answer 3

1916- Easter Rising, Sinn Fein attempted an uprising, key individuals excecuted driving nationalists further 1918- Sinn Fein win the general election and effectively create their own gov in Dublin without British permission 1919-1921- Irish war of independence 1921- Anglo-Irish treaty, South became a free state whilst ulster remained a part of the UK 1931- Statute of Westminster, gave dominions complete independence but had to be part of the commonwealth, Ireland not a fan because the king is still the head of state

Answer 4

1919- Activists from across the territories met in Accra 1921- East African Political Protest movement 1925- West African Students Union, caused by frustration due to lack of reform. Campaigned for full independence and against racism

Answer 5

1917-Balfour Declaration, Balfour writes a letter expressing sympathy for a Jewish homeland in Palestine, but didnt explicitly say via a seperate state. Leaked t the press and British seen as favouring the Jews 1919- Arab Revolt 1936-Britain send 20,000 troops to Palestine to deal with anti-Jewish violence 1939- Restrict Jewish immigration to 15,000 people a year allowing a gradual transition 1948- UN suggests a partition, the British withdraw as they know a partition will only end in civil war and they do not have the money to maintain intervention

Answer 6

1921- Cairo conference, Britain allowed some local government but retained control of military and foreign affairs 1932- Britain allows full independence but retained an indirect influence through army bases 1933- King Faisal dies and is succeeded by a series of military generals, Britain lose all control and it becomes a military dictatorship

Answer 7

1919- Rebellion in Egypt against British rule, Britiain respond heavy handedly 1920s- 75% of the tonnage along the suez was British 1922- Nominal independence, officially independent but Britain still has de facto control, after 8 conferences were unable to deal with independence with the nationalists 1936- Genuine independence, Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, independence in return to keep their soldiers and navy on the suez. Egypt had to stay allies with Britain 1939- Egypt refuse to declare war against Germany, breaking the terms of the treaty

Answer 8

1915-The Defence of India Act, allowed the government to restrict freedoms during wartime 1917- Montagu Declaration, declared the government aim to have in Indians in every admin and gradual self government 1919- Rowlatt acts, allowed DOIA to be reinstated in a state of emergency, Amritsar Massacre, Government of India Act, non co operation movement 1921-1922- Khilafat movement 1928- Simon Comission 1930- The Salt March 1940- Lahore Declaration 1942- Quit India movement 1943- Bengal Famine

Answer 9

Economic Contribution, natural resources like rubber from Malia/Malasia or taxes to the British Navy bases scattered across the empire which were crucial for soldiers to rest, re-resource etc 1941-1945 Lend Lease 1945 Anglo-American Loan

Answer 10

1950- Boycott of European goods, violent demos, general strike 1951- British reform, new constitution gave the vote to all adults 1957- After transition period towards independence, Ghana finally receives it.

Answer 11

1954- Colonel Nasser makes himself the president of Egypt following a military coup 1955- Czech Arms Deal 1956- Further building of the Aswan Dam, withdrawn once arms deal discovered, Nasser officially nationalizes the Suez Canal without warning, Sevres Conference & attack on Egypt 1957- Eden resigns after backlash

Answer 12

1940-1945 Colonial Development & Welfare Acts which were a “pot of money” wherein colonies could pitch for a loan (Tanganyika ground nut scheme) Government clearly focusing on trade with empire: intervened in Malaya Communist RE 1963 & 1967 UK apply for the European Economic Community

Answer 13

1948- Malaya communist rebellion, crushed but continued in Malaya afterwards 1952- Mau Mau Rebellion, crushed

Answer 14

1937- Burma became a fully seperate colony 1947- Britain promised Aung San independence within a year

Answer 15

1. Physical war damage, consequences of the blitz 2. Economic damage, gov focused on fixing the balance of trade because they had a “balance of trade deficit”. they were spending more than they were earning, and had to spend their reserve currrency. Therefore for the public, there was limited access to consumer goods eg bread was rationed until 1954. 3. National service compulsory between 1939-1960, the bases in parts of the empire increased interest in foreign countries for men in Britain

Answer 16

1946-19571 million people left Britain and moved to the former dominions like Australia, Ireland, South Africa (were now independent and part of the commonwealth) All of TB4- emigration was higher than immigration, parts of the empire were still seen as “part of Britain” and were much less damaged by WW2

Key Dates Flashcards

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