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Key Information Flashcards

1
Q

What is the charge on ion ARGON:

A

Ag^+

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2
Q

What is the charge on ion IRON:

A

Fe^2+ / Fe^3+

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3
Q

What is the charge on ion ZINC:

A

Zn^2+

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4
Q

What is the charge on ion COPPER:

A

Cu^2-

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5
Q

What is the charge on ion LEAD:

A

Pb^2+

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6
Q

What is the charge on ion HYDROGEN:

A

H^+

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7
Q

What is the charge on ion HYDROXIDE:

A

OH^-

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8
Q

What is the charge on ion AMMONIUM:

A

NH4^+

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9
Q

What is the charge on ion CARBONATE:

A

CO3^2-

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10
Q

What is the charge on ion NITRATE:

A

NO3^-

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11
Q

What is the charge on ion SULFATE:

A

SO4^2-

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12
Q

Covalent formula of AMMONIA:

A

NH3

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13
Q

Covalent formula of Hydrogen, Chlorine and Nitrogen?

A

Hydrogen - H2
Chlorine - Cl2
Nitrogen - N2

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14
Q

Covalent formula of Hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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15
Q

Covalent formula of Water and Carbon Dioxide

A

Water - H20

Carbon Dioxide - CO2

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16
Q

Covalent formula of Methane

A

CH4

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17
Q

Covalent formula of Ethane

A

C2H6

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18
Q

Covalent formula of Chloromethane

A

CH3CL

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19
Q

Covalent formula of Ethene

A

C2H4

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20
Q

General formula of an Alkane

A

Cn H2n+2

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21
Q

General formula of an Alkene

A

Cn H2n

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22
Q

What are the two structures for a covalent bond?

A

Simple Molecular

Giant Covalent

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23
Q 
Explain the state symbols;
s
l
g
aq
A

s - Solid
l - Liquid
g - Gas
aq - Aqueous (dissolved in water/solvent)

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24
Q

What is meant by the Mr

A

Relative Formula Mass

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25
How is the Mr calculated? For a compound?
Adding the Atomic Masses (Ar) of each atom in the compound
26
What is meant by the Ar
Relative Atomic Mass - The number of (Proton and Neutron) atoms in the Nucleus
27
What is meant by the RMM - Relative Molecular Mass
The RMM is the same as the Relative Formula Mass (Ar)
28
How large is a mole?
6.023 x10^23 | = 602 300 000 000 000 000 000 000
29
What is the Empirical Formula?
The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
30
What is the Molecular Formula?
Whole number multiples of empirical formulae
31
Alkali Metals (Group 1's) reaction with water: Does it react? What is produced in the reaction?
They react vigorously with water | Produces a Metal Hydroxide of Hydrogen
32
Do the Alkali Metals (Group 1's) react with oxygen in the air?
Yes they form metal oxides
33
What is the name fr group 7 Elements?
The Halogens
34
Which group of elements take place in Displacement reactions?
Group 7 - The Halogens
35
What is a displacement reaction?
A reaction where a more reactive element "pushes out" (displaces) a less reactive element from a compound.
36
What does the acronym OIL RIG stand for?
Oxidation Is Loss , Reduction Is Gain
37
What is an oxidising agent?
Accepts electrons and gets reduced
38
What is a reducing agent?
Donates electrons and gets oxidised
39
What is a redox reaction?
Reactions where Oxidation and Reduction happen at the same time.
40
What is formed when a metal carbonate is heated?
Carbon Dioxide & a Metal Oxide
41
What are the two ways to prevent rusting?
Barrier Methods | Sacrificial Methods
42
What are the barrier methods of coats?
Plastic painting/coating - The barrier stops water and oxygen. Oiling/Greasing - For moving parts, like bike chains
43
Sacrificial methods?
Placing a more reactive metal with Iron. The water and oxygen then react with the sacrificial metal instead of iron.
44
What is galvanising? | is it a barrier method or a sacrificial method?
It is a sacrificial method for preventing rusting by spraying a Zinc coating onto an object.
45
Universal indicator used to find?
The pH of an aqueous solution
46
Litmus paper used for?
Whether a solution is acidic, neutral or alkaline. Red = Acidic Blue = Alkaline
47
Phenolphthalein used for?
Acidic or Alkaline Colourless in acidic Bright pink in alkaline
48
Methyl Orange used for?
Acidic or Alkaline Red in Acidic Yellow in Alkaline
49
pH of an acid and an alkaline
Acid < 7 | Alkaline > 7
50
What is a base and an acid?
An acid is a proton donor. | A base is a substance that can neutralise an acid.
51
Formula of a Carbonate?
CO3^2-
52
Pure Water has a boiling point of .............*C and a freezing point of ..........*C.
``` Bp = 100*C Mp = 0*C ```
53
What experiment is used to find out enthalpy changes?
Calorimetry
54
What is shown in the General Formula?
An algebraic formula that can describe any member of a family of compounds. Eg. Ethene = C2H2N
55
What is shown in the Empirical Formula?
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound Eg. Ethene =CH2
56
What is shown in the Structural Formula?
Shows the arrangement of atoms carbon by carbon with the attached hydrogen and functional groups. Eg. Ethene = CH2CH2
57
What is shown in the Molecular Formula?
The actual number of atoms in each element of the molecule | Eg. Ethene = C2H4
58
What is shown in the Displayed Formula?
Shows the arrangement of atoms and the bonds between them.
59
General Formula for Alkenes
C2H2n
60
General formula for Alkanes
C2H2n+2
61
Conditions required for cracking of hydrocarbons?
600-700*C | With a Silica or Alumina catalyst
62
Products formed from incomplete combustion?
Carbon Dioxide Water Carbon Monoxide Carbon (soot)
63
Products formed in complete combustion?
Carbon Dioxide | Water
64
What is responsible for acid rain?
Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides mixing with water vapour in clouds, forming dilute sulfuric acid and nitric acid

GCSE Chem (19 decks)

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