Key Issues in Global Health Flashcards
what is global health?
Global health refers to health issues where the determinants circumvent, undermine or are oblivious to the territorial boundaries
of states, and are thus beyond the capacity of individual countries
to address through domestic institutions.
what is international health?
International health relates to health practices, policies and systems in countries other than one’s own and stresses more the differences between countries than their commonalities.
why are communicable diseases a global health issue?
- the diseases do not recognise international boundaries
2. globalisation has strengthened the link between international economics and public health
what does heath transition involve?
both demographic change and epidemiological change
what are the global demographic transitions taking place?
urbanisation industrialisation rising incomes expansion of education improved medical and public health technology
what are the epidemiological transitions taking place?
ageing population
chronic and non-communicable diseases emerge
due to decreasing mortality from infectious diseases and decreasing fertility
why is antimicrobial resistance a threat?
it prevents the effective prevention and treatment of an ever increasing range of infections
why are urban slums a public health problem?
densely populated, neglected, poor living conditions
may socio-economic and health problems
poor access to safe water, sanitation, overcrowding, rat infestation, leading to high rates of communicable diseases
how is healthcare in the future predicted?
based on the prediction of population growth, population ageing, growing prosperity and economic growth
what are the fundamental objectives of health systems?
- improving the health of the population they serve
- responding to people’s expectations
- providing financial protection against the costs of ill-health
what are the 6 building blocks of health systems?
service delivery financing medical product and technologies health information system leadership and governance health workforce
what are the primary methods of funding healthcare systems?
- direct payments
- general taxation to the state
- social health insurance
- voluntary or private health insurance
- donations or community health insurance
what are millennium development goals?
8 goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond to the world’s main development challenges
what transformative shifts were suggested by the post-2015 universal agenda?
- end extreme poverty in all its forms
- put sustainable development at the core
- transform economies for jobs and inclusive growth
- build peace and effective, open and accountable institutions for all
- forge a new global partnership
