Key Stuff Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
Who did connotations and denotation?
A
Bathes
2
Q
Who did dominated reading?
A
Hall
3
Q
Demographics
A
Can’t easily change
4
Q
Psychographics
A
Can change
5
Q
What is primary?
A
Own opinion
6
Q
What is secondary?
A
Opinion influenced by others
7
Q
What might not exist anymore?
Due to?
A
Mass audience
Market audience segmentation
8
Q
Broadcasting?
A
Large audience
9
Q
Narrowcasting?
Why is it taking over?
A
Niche audience
Text that can attract large numbers of viewers decreasing - personalisation and filter bubbles
10
Q
Why still purchasing newspapers?
A
Out of habit and
11
Q
Do mass text products still exist?
A
Yes Harry Potter and Eastenders
12
Q
Active audience
A
Respond and negotiate
Users and gratifications and social network
13
Q
Passive audiences
A
Influenced by text hypodermic and cultivation and two step flow theory
14
Q
Cultivation/desensitisation theory
A
Gerbner
15
Q
Users and gratifications theory
A
Bulmer and Katz
16
Q
How audiences are restrained
A
Expense- not all channels free
Access- restricted
Unintended access- adverts
17
Q
What suggests we are products with no control
A
‘Illusion of power’
18
Q
Resistant audience
A
Continually seek to oppose dominant reading
19
Q
Bartes
A
Codes and conventions
20
Q
Todorov
A
Equilibrium
21
Q
Propp
A
Character types
22
Q
Hero and villain
A
Binary opposites
23
Q
Paradigms
Syntagma
A
Signs (detectives and smoking) New meaning (crime fiction)
24
Q
Hybrid genre
A
Uses several paradigms eg rom com to double audience
25
Digital revolution
UGC anyone with internet and computer can make websites, blogs, video content or radio shows
26
Large corporations
| Less?
Conglomerates
| Diversity, single dominant view
27
Commercial channels
Competitive as possible attract audiences attract advertisers which continue to pay higher rates
28
Other ways institutions make money
Export programmes abroad and premium rate phone lines
29
Institutions represent
Elite primary definers of society - Marxist reading
30
Representations
Reflect or over time create dominant ideologie
31
Reality TV
Cheap and attractive fulfils all users and gratifications
32
Heart of reality tv
| Power audience have
Emotional realism
| Voyeuristic in form of Humilitainment
33
Builds culture of anticipation and anxiety over missing key moment
‘Coming up’ and ‘next time’
34
Narrative cycle of reality tv to keep audiences satisfied
Tension
Conflict
Resolution
35
News plays important ideological role
Shaped attitudes and beliefs through interpreting the world for us
36
Presents information locally nationally and globally we wouldn’t normally have access to
The news
37
Baudrillard
Concern for creating ‘reality’ within which we exist
38
News is selected and mediated
6-10 stories a day out of billions world wide
39
What is increasing on news?
UGC
40
Internet and phone apps can
Select news interested in - filter bubbles
41
How many hour rolling news channels
24hour
42
Internet sites concentrate on
| Creates
Headline and condensed stories
| Dumbed down content and content without context
43
Speed of news information becoming more important
Raises question on validity
44
Successful commuter papers and programmes on tv have
60sec news
45
News focus on the
Negative
46
Institutions governed by need for
Profit and good viewing figures
47
Syntagram
Hierarchal order of news stories in news bulletin
48
Moral panics
```
Teens knife crime and gangs
Islam and terrorist threats
Out of control comedians
Paedophiles
Benefit ‘scroungers’
```
49
Moral panic on viral disease
Swine flu
SARS
Bird flu
50
Moral panic violent video games
Effect on behaviour and overuse of consoles
51
Influence of ‘hardcore music such as
Slip knot
| Marilyn Manson - columbine high school video rock is dead shooting, blamed for 36 school shootings
52
Greatest moral panic today
Mass immigration hard to put blame
53
How moral panic happens
Builds over weeks and months must be repeated by mass media showing increasing concern
54
Post 9/11
Changed narrative action films and role of American hero interest in just war and good vs evil (ww1 films and games)
55
Post 9/11 representation
| Zombie and vampires
‘Other’ moved to Middle Eastern countries - fear deepened with Muslim fundamentalists
Obsession with ‘one of us’ but ‘not us’
56
Mass amateurization
Capabilities new forms of media have given to non-professionals making high skilled professionals redundant
57
Dominant western view
Narrow range of choices
58
Super injunctions
Privacy and the web ‘public right to know’
59
Expanding digital industries out of industries control
Music file sharing
Film downloads
Online print media
60
Watershed
Time when tv programmes unsuitable for children broadcasted
61
No watershed
Demand services
62
Changes from mass audience to segmented audiences
Large variety of products
63
Blogging and comments
Shaping media content not ‘controlled’
64
Shrinking traditional industries
Print media
| Music industry especially CD market and DVD sales
65
Semiotics
How audiences create meanings from codes and signs
66
Post
Modernism
67
Bicolage
Collage of different media texts
68
Pastiche
Media text imitating another in positive way
69
Parody
Media text imitates another in order to mock
70
Hyperreality
Believing simulation is real creating idealistic representations of reality that out perform actual reality audience becomes depressed because life doesn’t live up to artificial reality
71
Simulacrum
Representation of a person or thing - editing and artificial
72
Feminism
Challenge traditional power structures that exist between the genders.
73
Institutions run by
Their ideologies
Major implications on who
```
‘White middle/upper class men
Ideologies create dominant ideologies in society
Women non-white and working class
```
74
Mulvey
‘Male gaze’
75
Post feminism
Allow women to use their sexuality for their own benefit giving them power
76
Suggest still gender divide
Recent trolling of high profile women on social networking
| Representation of women in gaming
77
Marxism
Elite few are in continual state of conflict with masses
78
Hegemony
Dominant group persuades mass that power structure is necessary maintains control through negotiation and not force
79
Liberal pluralism
Capitalism suffer a free media responding to demands of the consumers
80
Cross cultural factors
Genres and texts created in other countries
81
Globalisation
Media texts ‘translated’ around the world
82
Global products
Brands - Nike, coke and apple
| Texts - Toy story, Harry Potter and Sherlock
83
American industries owned by
Sometimes referred to as
Conflict to people from
Western conglomerates
Disneyfication
Cultures significantly different from those in the West
