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R.S- Philosophy > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Deductive argument

A

Truth of premise guarantees truth of conclusion

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2
Q

Inductive arguments

A

Try to reveal something new in the conclusion

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3
Q

A Posteriori

A

Premise based on knowledge depending on, or coming after experience

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4
Q

A Priori

A

Premise that doesn’t depend on experience of world around us

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5
Q

Necessary existence

A

A property with even higher value than existence

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6
Q

Contingent existence

A

Something/ someone caused a contingent being to exist

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7
Q

Synthetic statements

A

Truth of falsity are determined by sense experience

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8
Q

Analytic statement

A

Those that are true by meaning of the words used

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9
Q

Predicate

A

Gives information about subject

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10
Q

Reductio ad absurdum

A

Attempt to disprove an argument by showing its logical consequences are absurd or opposite to that intended

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11
Q

Tautology

A

A statement that is true by definition

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12
Q

Anthropomorphism

A

Habit of attributing human form/ideas to being other than humans e.g God, animals

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13
Q

Natural theology

A

View that questions about God can be answered without scripture

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14
Q

Fideism

A

View that faith doesn’t depend on logic or reason, so if faith and reason point different ways, fideists are justified in following what they believe

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15
Q

Metaphysical necessity

A

Form of necessity deriving from essence of something

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16
Q

Evil

A

Profoundly wicked and immoral, something inherently wrong, malevolent force causes human suffering

17
Q

Moral evil

A

Evil caused by mankind either through commission (act) or omission (choosing not to act)

18
Q

Natural evil

A

Events that cause human suffering but aren’t man-made

19
Q

Theodicy

A

Justifications if God’s goodness in face of problem of evil

20
Q

Suffering

A

Mental/physical pain/hardship/distress brought on by both natural and moral evil

21
Q

Libertarianism

A

View that although same aspects of human existence are determined by physics, biology etc, humans have degree of free will

22
Q

Casual determination

A

View that not every event is determined by preceding events and conditions so by laws of nature, humans don’t have free will

23
Q

Compatibilism

A

Means determination and free will are compatible where there are no external restraints on a persons actions so able to act free

24
Q

Soul- deciding

A

Idea that humans have choice to turn back to heaven/God through salvation of Jesus

25
Q

Soul-making

A

Where humans are equipped to make own decisions to develop into perfection to make souls better

26
Q

Original evil

A

Adam and Eve disobeyed God by eating from the forbidden fruit

R.S- Philosophy (8 decks)

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