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social studies > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

migrate

A

to move from one place to another

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2
Q

culture

A

a way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs, and customs.

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3
Q

native americans

A

a member of the native peoples of North Central, and South America

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4
Q

Ghana

A

a west African empire in the 8th- 11th centuries A.D

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5
Q

Mali

A

a West African empire from the 13th-15th centuries that grew rich from trade

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6
Q

Songhai

A

a West African empire that succeeded Mali and controlled trade from the 1400’s to 1591

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7
Q

Middle Ages

A

the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire to the fall of Constantinople

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8
Q

Feudalism

A
  • a political system in which the king allows nobles the use of his land in exchange for their military service and their protection of people living on the land.
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9
Q

crusades

A

a series of wars to capture the Holy Land, launched in 1096 by European Christians

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10
Q

printing press

A

a machine invented in about 1455 by Johannes Gutenberg

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11
Q

Renaissance

A

a period of European history, that brought increased interest in art and learning

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12
Q

reformation

A

a 16th century religious movement to correct problems in the roman catholic church

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13
Q

Columbus

A

an Italian explorer who stumbled upon the Americas

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14
Q

spice

A

flavorings for food mainly made from vegetables

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15
Q

missionary

A

a person sent by the Church to preach, teach, and convert native peoples to Christianity

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16
Q

conquistador

A

a Spaniard who traveled to the Americas as an explorer and a conqueror in the 16th century

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17
Q

Cortez

A

a conquistador who explored the Americas and claimed their land for Spain

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18
Q

Cabot

A

one of the first explorers to chart a northern route across the Atlantic Ocean in search of Asia. He was Italian.

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19
Q

Cartier

A

explored the St. Lawrence River and the atlantic coast

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20
Q

Hudson

A

an explorer and navigator who set out to find either a northeast passage or a similar northwest passage.

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21
Q

Spanish Armada

A

a fleet of ships sent in 1588 by Philip the 2nd, the Spanish, to invade England and restore Roman Catholicism

22
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western and the Eastern hemispheres

23
Q

Colony

A

A group of people who settle in a new place but are ruled by the government of their native land

24
Q

slavery

A

the practice of holding a person in bondage for labor

25
Q

racism

A

the belief that some people are inferior because of their race

26
Q

Jamestown

A

the first permanent English settlement in North America

27
Q

charter

A

a written document issued by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony

28
Q

House of Burgesses

A

created in 1619, the first representative assembly in the American colonies

29
Q

indentured servant

A

a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America

30
Q

pilgrim

A

a member of the group that rejected the Church of England, sailed to America, and founded the Plymouth Colony in 1620

31
Q

puritan

A

a member of a group from England that settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 and sought to reform the practices of the Church of England

32
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

an agreement established by the men who sailed to America on the Mayflower, which called for laws for the good of the colony and set forth the idea of self-government

33
Q

Quaker

A

a person who believed all people should live in peace and harmony; accepted different religions and ethnic groups

34
Q

Backcountry

A

A colonial region that ran along the Appalachian Mountains through the far western part of the New Englnd, Middle, and Southern colonies

35
Q

cash crop

A

A crop grown by a farmer to be sold for money rather than personal use

36
Q

indigo

A

a plant grown in the Southern colonies that yields a deep blue dye

37
Q

subsistence farming

A

Producing just enough food for a family or a village to survive.

38
Q

overseer

A

A worker hired by a planter to watch over and direct the work of slaves

39
Q

Appalachian Mountain

A

Mountain range running from Alabama into Canada

40
Q

clan

A

A large group of families that claim a common ancestor

41
Q

apprentice

A

a beginner who learns a trade or craft from a experienced master

42
Q

Great Awakening

A

a reveal of religious feeling in the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s

43
Q

enlightenment

A

an 18th century movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method to obtain knowledge

44
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

one of the founding fathers who signed all three all three documents that freed America from Britain.

45
Q

Magna Carta

A

“Great Charter;” a document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, approved by King John in 1215

46
Q

Parliament

A

England’s chief lawmaking body

47
Q

English Bill of Rights

A

an agreement signed by William and Mary to respect the right of English citizens and of Parliament, including the right to free elections

48
Q

John Peter Zenger

A

publisher of the New York weekly journal, who stood trial for printing criticism of the New York governor

49
Q

French and Indian War

A

a conflict in North America from 1754 to 1763 that was part of a worldwide struggle between France and Britain; Britain defeated France and gained French Canada

50
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

treaty that ended the French and Indian war; Britain gave up all of North America east of the Mississippi River.

social studies (3 decks)

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