Key Terms Flashcards
(24 cards)
1.
what is arousal:
state in which an athlete feels ready both psychologically and physically to do their very best in competition
a physical state
leads to how body reacts to a situation or thought
“being psyched up”
Theories of Arousal: Drive Theory
- linear relationship between performance and arousal (high arousal -> high performance)
- high arousal benefits skilled performer but hurts beginner’s performance
Theories of Arousal: Inverted U hypothesis
- there is an optimum arousal level for achieving the best performance.
- moderate intensity produces maximum performance.
- Low arousal causes fatigue and sleepiness, while
- High arousal causes anxiety and stress.
everyone has different levels of optimal arousal
what level of arousal do fine motor control sports like golf, archery
perform better with lower levels of arousal
what level of arousal do gross motor skills (rugby) need
perform better with higher levels of arousal
what level of arousal do skilled performers need
require higher levels of arousal when performing the same skill/ or task
what level of arousal do extroverts need
perform better when under situations of high level of arousal
what level of arousal do introverts need
better under low levels of arousal
Theories of arousal: Zone of optimal functioning
IZOF: individualized zone of optimal functioning.
each person will perform at their very best when they are within their pre-performance anxiety zone
once out of zone, performance goes down
what happens in our optimal arousal zone?
we can block out what is irrelevant, and stay focused on things that matter.
low arousal =
broad attention field -> take in relevant & irrelevant cues
high arousal =
low attention field -> miss important cues
what is chocking?
occurs when arousal is high and anxiety is perceived as something negative, therefore may be related to increased levels of “somatic trait anxiety”(attach negative feelings to nervousness)
what helps: learning from choking experience, getting extra help
what is anxiety
a general sense of uncertainty about what is going to happen. we react physically to it, like sweating, “butterflies”, and muscle tension.
anxiety is the negative interpretation to arousal
what is cognitive anxiety
- worry, doubt, or concern
- negative thoughts
- “what if I mess up?”
what is somatic anxiety
the physiological response (butterflies, trembling, hyperventilating)
what is the catastrophe theory
it contains cognitive and somatic dimensions
- modified from the inverted U theory
- deterioration is much more extreme
- cannot be corrected by merely calming down
- effects performer’s ability to concentrate
- recovery can be very difficult
- requires mental toughness
what is relaxation?
mind-body state in which an athlete has no feelings of anxiety, and is feeling “loose” and ready to do their best.
what is motivation?
involves direction and intensity of effort
direction: what a person is motivated to achieve
intensity: how much actual physical and mental energy one is willing to put into achieving their target
What is Concentration
the ability to keep one’s focus on the task at hand without being distracted from it by changes in the surrounding environment.
what is teh goal of concentration
100% of focus on the task
what can you do to keep focused (cues)
- use short phrases or one word
- keep the focus on the right things and off the wrong things
- example: “GO NOW”
- avoid “don’ts” do not say: don’t fall!
how to do thought stopping
- recognize the negative thought
- “stop the thought”
- replace it with something positive
consider what you can control and what you can’t
how to win?
outcome goal (can’t control)-> process goal (can control) -> focus on one cue at a time-> perform each play-> win each game-> win the tourney
focus on what’s present
