Key Terms Flashcards
(27 cards)
Explain chromosomes
Thread like structures of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells
Explain inherited characteristics
Inherited characteristics are controlled by genes and passed from parents to children
Explain non inherited characteristics
Non inherited characteristics are not controlled by genes but are learned during life
Where are the chromosomes located
The nucleus of a cell
What are chromosomes made of
DNA and protein
Where are genes located
On chromosomes and chromosomes are in the nucleus of a cell
What are Genes
Short sections of DNA which control our inherited characteristics and are found on the chromosomes in the nucleus of cells
How many chromosomes in Human cells
46 chromosomes, made up of 2 sets of 23 inherited from each parent
List characteristics all humans have in common
One nose
2 eyes
Fingernails
One heart
List characteristics that differ from one human to another
Height
Eye color
Interest in sport
Accent
List inherited characteristics
Height Eye color Shape of face Length of eye lashes The ability to produce saliva, tears, enzymes All of these Re controlled by genes
List non inherited characteristics
The ability to speak foreign languages Interest in sport Writing Reading Using a computer These are things we have learned and are NOT controlled by genes
Why are chromosomes not clearly visible in most cells
Because they are stretched I to very long, thin threads
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
How many cells in a sperm
23
How many chromosomes in an egg
23
How many chromosomes in a zygote
46
How many chromosomes in sex cells
Sex cell is either an egg or a sperm so there are 23
How many PAIRS of chromosomes are in most cells
23
twins are described as identical. What does this tell us about their genetic makeup
Same DNA
Name 2 substances chromosomes are made from
DNA and protein
Name 2 adaptations fish have to help them live in water
Gills
Their color can be used for camouflage
Scales
At a certain stage in the life of a cell thread like structures containing genes can be seen in the nucleus
What are these threadlike structures called.
Chromosomes
Genes are found on chromosomes, give a role genes play in life process
Passing on of characteristics, eg eye colour
