Key Terms

Question 1

Acetabulum

Answer 1

The bony socket in the hip bone that holds the head of the femur

Question 2

Atlas

Answer 2

The first cervical vertebra

Question 3

Axis

Answer 3

The second cervical vertebra

Question 4

Cartilage

Answer 4

A type of dense connective tissue that is found in the skeleton, larynx, trachea and bronchi

Question 5

Ilium

Answer 5

The large, flared, superior portion of the pelvic bone

Question 6

Ossification

Answer 6

The formation of bone tissue

Question 7

Osteoblast

Answer 7

A cell that produces bone tissue

Question 8

Osteoclast

Answer 8

A cell that destroys bone tissue

Question 9

Osteocyte

Answer 9

A mature bone cell that nourishes and maintains bone tissue

Question 10

Peristeum

Answer 10

A fibrous membrane that covers a bone’s surface

Question 11

Resorption

Answer 11

Removal of bone by breakdown and absorption in the circulation

Question 12

Difference between tendon and ligament

Answer 12

A ligament connects one bone to another while a tendon connects a muscle to a bone

Question 13

Thorax

Answer 13

The upper part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen

Question 14

Orthopedics

Answer 14

The medical specialty that concentrates on diseases of the skeletal and muscular systems

Question 15

closed

Answer 15

a simple fracture with no open wound

Question 16

Colles

Answer 16

fracture of the distal end of the radius with backward displacement of the hand

Question 17

comminuted

Answer 17

fracture in which the bone is splintered or crush

Question 18

compression

Answer 18

fracture caused by force from both ends

Question 19

greenstick

Answer 19

one side of the bone is broken and the other side is bent

Question 20

impacted

Answer 20

one fragment is driven into another

Question 21

oblique

Answer 21

break occurs at an angle across the bone

Question 22

open

Answer 22

fracture is associated with an open wound

Question 23

Pott

Answer 23

fracture of the distal end of the fibula with injury to the tibial joint

Question 24

spiral

Answer 24

fracture is in spiral or S shape

Question 25

transverse

Answer 25

a break at right angles to the long axis of a bone

Question 26

Osteopenia

Answer 26

Refers to a lower than average bone density

Question 27

Osteomalacia

Answer 27

softening of bone tissue because of diminished calcium salt formation

Question 28

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 28

a chronic progressive inflammatory disease involving the spinal joints and surrounding soft tissue

Question 29

ankylosis

Answer 29

immobility and fixation of a joint

Question 30

arthritis

Answer 30

inflammation of a joint

Question 31

chondrosarcoma

Answer 31

a malignant tumor of cartilage

Question 32

gout

Answer 32

a form of acute arthritis usually beginning in the knee or foot caused by deposit of uric acid salts in the joint

Question 33

kyphosis

Answer 33

an exaggerated curve of the spine in the thoracic region (a humpback)

Question 34

lordosis

Answer 34

an exaggerated curve of the spine in the lumbar region; swayback

Question 35

osteoarthritis

Answer 35

progressive deterioration of joint cartilage with growth of new bone and soft tissue in and around the joint

Question 36

osteomalacia

Answer 36

a softening and weakening of the bones due to vitamin D deficiency

Question 37

osteomyelitis

Answer 37

inflammation of bone and bone marrow caused by infection

Question 38

osteopenia

Answer 38

a lower than average bone density, usually leads to osteoporosis

Question 39

Paget disease

Answer 39

Skeletal disease of the elderly characterized by bone thickening and distortion with bowing of long bones

Question 40

Pott disease

Answer 40

Inflammation of the vertebrae, caused by tuberculosis

Question 41

rheumatoid factor

Answer 41

a group of antibodies found in the blood in cases of rheumatoid arthritis

Question 42

rickets

Answer 42

faulty bone formation in children

Question 43

sciatica

Answer 43

severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve

Question 44

scoliosis

Answer 44

a sideways curvature of the spine

Question 45

spondylolisthesis

Answer 45

a forward displacement of one vertebra over another

Question 46

spondylolysis

Answer 46

degeneration of the articulating portions of vertebra allowing for spinal distortion