Key terms from readings

Question 1

Singlism

Answer 1

Prejudice and discriminations against those who choose to remain single and opt not to devote them-selves to a primary romantic relationship

Question 2

technoference

Answer 2

frequent interruptions of their interactions that are caused by their various technological devices

Question 3

phubbing

Answer 3

one partner snubs the other by focusing on a phone

Question 4

Instrumental traits

Answer 4

Masculine task-oriented traits

Question 5

expressive traits

Answer 5

feminine social and emotional skills

Question 6

humility

Answer 6

a modest or low view of one’s own importance; humbleness

Question 7

sociometer

Answer 7

measures the quality of relationships with others

Question 8

parental investment

Answer 8

time and energy one must provide in order to preproduce

Question 9

paternity uncertainity

Answer 9

how certain you are your child is yours

a women can be 100% sure a man cannot

Question 10

Sources of change

Answer 10

Economic changes, increasing individualism, new technology, sex ratio

Question 11

high sex ratio versus low sex ratio

Answer 11

high -> more men -> more traditional

low -> more women -> less traditional

Question 12

waist-to-hip ratio

Answer 12

men find women attractive when their waist is noticeably smaller than their hips

Question 13

matching

Answer 13

romantic partners tend to have similar attractiveness

Question 14

complementarity

Answer 14

when two partners have different skills, each is usually happy to allow the other to take the lead on those tasks at which the other in more talented

Question 15

Positive illusions

Answer 15

Portray partner is best possible light

mix of realistic knowledge and idealized perceptions of them

Question 16

attributions

Answer 16

Explanations we generate for why things happen

Question 17

marital paradigms

Answer 17

Beliefs of when how and when we should get married

Question 18

Ingratiation

Answer 18

Do nice things so that we get a good image of ourselves

Question 19

supplication

Answer 19

Pretend you cant do something so that others will do it for you

Question 20

Display rules

Answer 20

cultural norms that dictate what emotions are appropriate in particular situations

Question 21

visual dominance ratio

Answer 21

Look in the eye when they speak look more when you speak (usually vise versa)

Question 22

behavior description

Answer 22

tell partner what is on our mind and focus on behaviors that CAN be changed

Question 23

Social exchange

Answer 23

Two people offer each other rewards

Question 24

principle of lesser interest

Answer 24

Partner who depends less on a relationship has more power

Question 25

5-to-1

Answer 25

To stay satisficed in a relationship we need a rewards costs ratio of 5-1

Question 26

self expansion model

Answer 26

we are attracted to partnerships that expand the range of our interests, skills, and experiences

Question 27

What causes unanticipated costs

Answer 27

lack of effort, interdependency is a magnifying glass, access to weaponry, unwelcome surprises, unrealistic expectations

Question 28

investment model

Answer 28

commitment emerges from all elements of social exchange that are associated with peoples CLs and CLalts

Question 29

commitment readiness

Answer 29

when one feels unprepared and incapable of planning a future with anyone

Question 30

personal commitment

Answer 30

When people want to continue a relationship because they are attracted to their partners and the relationship is satisfying

Question 31

constraint commitment

Answer 31

When people feel they have to continue a relationship because it would be too costly for them to leave

Question 32

moral commitment

Answer 32

have a moral obligation to your partner ex: feel it is morally wrong to end a marriage

Question 33

Willingness to sacrifice

Answer 33

give up own self interests for the good of the relationship

Question 34

derogation of tempting alternative

Answer 34

judge other potential partners to be less attractiveness than they would seem to be if we were single or unattached reduces allure of those who might otherwise entice us away from out potential partners

Question 35

Capitalization

Answer 35

give good news to our friends and receive enthusiastic, rewarding responses

Question 36

Invisible support

Question 37

dyadic withdrawal

Answer 37

people see more and more of their lover and therefore less and less of their friends

Question 38

Socioemotional selectivity theory

Answer 38

old people have less connections but have just as many close friends. Because they have different interpersonal goals compared to younger people.

Question 39

social loneliness

Answer 39

we lack a social network of friends and acquaintances

Question 40

emotional loneliness

Answer 40

we lack affection and emotional support from at least one intimate relationship