key words

Question 1

sublimation

Answer 1

the phase transition where a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid

Question 2

Ablation

Answer 2

the loss of mass from a glacier through various processes

Question 3

adiabatic expansion

Answer 3

the process where air expands and cools (or compresses and warms) without any heat being added or removed from the surrounding environment.

Question 4

sequestration

Answer 4

where carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean and stored, primarily in the ocean’s surface and deeper waters

Question 5

net primary productivity

Answer 5

• the rate at which plants produce organic matter through photosynthesis, minus the amount of organic matter they consume through respiration.
• Essentially, it’s the “leftover” energy available to other organisms in a food chain after plants have used some of their produced energy for their own needs

Question 6

Phytoplankton productivity

Answer 6

refers to the rate at which phytoplankton (tiny, plant-like organisms in oceans and freshwater) convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) into organic matter through photosynthesis.