Key Words

Question 0

What is a group?

Answer 0

Vertical column in the periodic table. Elements in a group have similar properties

Question 1

What is diffusion?

Answer 1

Movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

Question 2

What is a period?

Answer 2

A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table.

Question 3

What does property mean? e.g. What’s the property of a metal?

Answer 3

the property of something is what they all have as a group. (Characteristics of a substance) E.g. Metals are shiny, conduct electricity and hard.

Question 4

What is an element?

Answer 4

An item with only one type of atom.

Question 5

What is a compound?

Answer 5

A substance that is made of 2 or more different types of atoms joined together.

Question 6

What is a mixture?

Answer 6

A mixture is a mixture of elements and/or compounds in any ratio. The properties of separate elements stay with them.

Question 7

What is Thermal Decomposition?

Answer 7

The breaking down of a substance into simpler substances using heat.
e.g copper carbonate –> copper oxide + carbon dioxide.

Question 8

What is limewater used for?

Answer 8

Test for Carbon Dioxide, if it’s present, it goes cloudy/milky.

Question 9

What is Electrolysis?

Answer 9

The decomposition of a compound into simpler substances using electricity.

Question 10

What is an Anode?

Answer 10

The positive electrode

Question 11

What is a cathode?

Answer 11

The negative electrode

Question 12

What is an electrolyte

Answer 12

The solution containing ions to be electrolysed

Question 13

What is an ion?

Answer 13

A charged particle e.g. H+ or Cl-

Question 14

What is an isotope?

Answer 14

An isotope is an element with the same number of protons BUT a different number of neutrons

Question 15

Describe electron arrangement

Answer 15

The electrons are arranged in energy levels, ‘shells’. They can hold 2 or 8 electrons per shell, it goes in the formation 2,8,8,2

Question 16

What is the Atomic mass?

Answer 16

Sum of neutrons and protons

Question 17

What is the atomic number?

Answer 17

The number of protons

Question 18

What is the nucleus?

Answer 18

The centre of the atom, it holds protons and neutrons

Question 19

What is a proton?

Answer 19

A positively charged particle in the nucleus with a mass of ‘1’.

Question 20

What is an electron?

Answer 20

A negatively charged particle found around the nucleus in shells.

Question 21

What is a neutron?

Answer 21

A particle found in the nucleus with no charge and a mass of ‘1’. Can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass.

Question 22

What is combustion?

Answer 22

Combustion occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy mainly in the form of light and heat.

• Combustion is an oxidation reaction
• the substance burnt gains oxygen and gets heavier

Question 23

What is Corrosion?

Answer 23

The process which a metal reacts with oxygen in the air to form a solid on a surface.

Question 24

What is rusting?

Answer 24

Corrosion of iron or steel

Question 25

What is Rust?

Answer 25

Hydrated Iron Oxide

Question 26

What is sacrificial protection?

Answer 26

Attaching a more reactive metal to iron or steel, which corrodes instead of that

Question 27

What is galvanising?

Answer 27

Protecting the iron by dipping it in molten zinc. This is known as a double protection as it’s sacrificial protection and a physical barrier.

Question 28

What is oxidation?

Answer 28

When a substance gains oxygen. e.g. Iron going rusty

Question 29

What is reduction?

Answer 29

When a substance loses oxygen