Key Words Flashcards
(41 cards)
Adultery
A sexual relationship between two people, where one or both of them are married to other people
Agape
The love referred to in the New Testament; charity.
Aristotle
Ancient Greek philosopher (384-322 BCE) who stressed the importance of the physical over the intellectual and spiritual. He made significant contributions to logic, metaphysics and ethics including Virtue Ethics and his thinking was particularly utilised by Thomas Aquinas.
Brotherly love
Love for one’s fellow human being.
Causal/Causation
Internal, e.g. motivation, emotion.
External, e.g. fame, money, power.
Cyber crime
Internet / computer fraud.
Data storage
Storage of information often associated with computers.
Deontological theory
Created by Kant, it argues against the ontological view by saying there is no real property of ‘existence’ and so we cannot therefore define God by this.
Determinism
The belief that acts of will are entirely caused by earlier natural events and / or social changes
Environment
One’s surroundings, nature, the state of the planet
Ethics
The principles by which people live.
Experimentation
A test or trial done in order to discover something or to test whether something is true.
Eudaimonia
(happiness)
(As defined by Aristotle) what makes a person truly happy.
Philippa Foot
Philippa Foot, virtue ethicist, wrote Virtues and Vices in 1978; belief that we act from self-interest.
Freewill
Having the ability to choose or determine one’s own actions.
Genetics
Study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
Human Nature
The shared psychological attributes of humankind. General characteristics and feelings of mankind
Human Rights
Rights held to be common to all.
Institution
Established society or organisation; often with a clear structure and bureaucracy.
Libertarianism
The belief that humans should be free to make their own decisions and choices, which, therefore, means they are entirely responsible for their own actions.
Alasdair MacIntyre
A modern formulator of Virtue Ethics theory.
Major world religions
One of the world faiths of:
Buddhism
Christianity
Hinduism
Islam
Judaism
Sikhism.
Marriage
Monogamy
Being married to one person at one time