Key Words

Question 1

Amino Acid

Answer 1

A monomer of polypepids, the building block of proteins

Question 2

Carbohydrate

Answer 2

Types of sugar with varying complexities, monosacharides, disacharides, olisaccharides and polsaccharides

Question 3

Cells

Answer 3

Fundamental part of a living system, smallestcollection of matter, preforms all activities required for life.

Question 4

Covalent Bond

Answer 4

a chemical bond where 2 atoms share a valence electron.

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

the contents of a cell, surrounded by plasma membrane.

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Deoxyribonucleic Acid. A nucleic acid molecule, made up of 2 strands to form a double helix. Each chain made up of 4 building blocks called nucleotides. Carries genetic information for all cellular processes.

Question 7

Endosymbiosis

Answer 7

Relationship between 2 organsims, where one lives inside another.

Question 8

Enzymes

Answer 8

Macromolecule that serves as a catalyst, increases the rate of the reaction without being used up.

Question 9

Hydrophilic

Answer 9

Having a affinity to water, easily dissolvable.

Question 10

Hydrophobic

Answer 10

Having no affinity for water, combines to form droplets within the water.

Question 11

Lipid

Answer 11

A large group of hyrdophobic molecules, eg fats, phospholipids and steriods that mix poorly, if at all with water.

Question 12

Active Transport

Answer 12

Movement of substance across a cell membrane, agaisnt the concentration gradient, using specific transport proteins and requiring energy in the form of ATP

Question 13

Eukaryote

Answer 13

One of the main forms of life, organism with a membrane enclosed nucleous and organelles. Size rangers from 10-100 micro metres.

Question 14

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 14

Molecules moving down the concentration gradient, over the membrane using the assistance of specific proteins, requiring no energy.

Question 15

Macromolecule

Answer 15

A large molecule formed by the joining of polysaccharides, examples are nucleic acids and proteins.

Question 16

Membrane

Answer 16

Layers of lipids and proteins that provide boundaries between cells and their surroundings. Semi permable.

Question 17

Nucleic Acid

Answer 17

DNA and RNA, blueprints for proteins and cellular activity.

Question 18

Nucleotides

Answer 18

Building blocks for nucleic acids, consisting of a 5 carbon sugar, bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.

Question 19

Passive Transport

Answer 19

Simple diffusion across the membrane, from high too low, needing no energy.

Question 20

Protein

Answer 20

Macromolecule made up of amino acids.

Question 21

Simple Diffusion

Answer 21

Passive transport, requiring no energy, movement of substance down the concentration gradient, also known as passive transport.