Key Words

Question 1

Centrioles

Answer 1

Structures found in the cytoplasm made of microtubules that produce spindle fibres during mitosis

Question 2

Chloroplasts

Answer 2

Organelles found in plants and algae that are the site of photosynthesis

Question 3

Cilia

Answer 3

Small hairlike structures that project from the surface of cells

Question 4

Confocal microscopy

Answer 4

A type of microscopy that uses lasers to scan a specimen point by point to produce an image

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

A mesh of protein fibres found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells used for structural support and intracellular transport

Question 6

Differential staining

Answer 6

Using multiple different stains to distinguish different parts of the specimen

Question 7

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 7

A type of cell that contains a nucleus along with membrane bound organelles

Question 8

Flagell

Answer 8

A Whip-like structure found on bacterial cells that is used for cell movement

Question 9

Golgi apparatus

Answer 9

And organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins

Question 10

Light microscope

Answer 10

A type of microscope that uses a series of lenses to magnify the visible light reflecting off the specimen

Question 11

Lysosomes

Answer 11

Membrane-bound vesicles found in the cytoplasm that contain a hydrolytic enzymes called lysozyme

Question 12

Magnification

Answer 12

How much bigger an image appears compare to the original objects calculated using the formula
image size = actual size X magnification

Question 13

Mitochondrion

Answer 13

And organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is the site of aerobic respiration

Question 14

Nuclear envelope

Answer 14

A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus

Question 15

Nucleolus

Answer 15

A structure found inside the nucleus that contains proteins and RNA and is involved in synthesising new ribosomes

Question 16

Nucleus

Answer 16

And organelle found in eukaryotic cells that stores the genetic information of the cell as chromosomes and is surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear envelope

Question 17

Plasma membrane

Answer 17

A semipermeable lipid bilayer studded with proteins that surround the cell and many organelles

Question 18

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 18

The type of cell that does not contain any membrane-bound organelles or a nucleus

Question 19

Resolution

Answer 19

The ability to distinguish two different points in a specimen

Question 20

Ribosomes

Answer 20

Organelles found either in the cytoplasm or membrane-bound that are involved in the synthesis of proteins

Question 21

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 21

A membrane-bound organelle that is involved in the synthesis and packaging of proteins

Question 22

Scanning electron microscope

Answer 22

The type of microscope that passes a beam of electrons over the surface of a specimen to produce an image

Question 23

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 23

A membrane-bound organelle involved in lipid synthesis

Question 24

Transmission electron microscope

Answer 24

A type of microscope that passes a beam of electrons for a sample to produce an image

Question 25

Adhesion

Answer 25

A property of water molecules that creates an attraction between them and surfaces that they are in contact with

Question 26

Amino acid

Answer 26

The monomers containing an amino group the carboxyl group and a variable R group that make up proteins

Question 27

Amylopectin

Answer 27

Are you branched polysaccharide made up of alpha glucose monomers joined by alpha 1,6 glycosidic bonds that makes up starch along with amylose

Question 28

Amylose

Answer 28

An hnbrwnched polysaccharide

Question 29

Anions

Answer 29

An ion with a negative charge

Question 30

Benedicts test

Answer 30

A biochemical test used to detect the presence of reducing sugars in a solution and distinguish between solutions of different reducing sugar concentrations

Question 31

Biuret test

Answer 31

A biochemical test that produces a purple colour when it is added to a solution containing a protein

Question 32

Cations

Answer 32

An ion with a positive charge

Question 33

Cellulose

Answer 33

A linear polysaccharide that is the main component of the cell wall in plants and is made up if many beta glucose molecules joined by beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds

Question 34

Chromatography

Answer 34

A technique used to separate different molecules in a solution by their different properties

Question 35

Cohesion

Answer 35

A property of water molecules that creates an attraction and causes them to stick together

Question 36

Collagen

Answer 36

A type of fibrous protein that provides strength to many different cell types and makes up connective tissues

Question 37

Condensation reaction

Answer 37

A type of reaction which joins two molecules together using water with the formation of a chemical bond

Question 38

Conjugated protein

Answer 38

A protein with a prosthetic group bound to it

Question 39

Elastin

Answer 39

A type of fibrous protein that allows tissues and structures like blood vessels to stretch and return to their original shape