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Keywords Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Polyphonic

A

Features 2 or more parts each having a melody and sounding together

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2
Q

Monophonic

A

Single melodic line with no accompaniment

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3
Q

Homophonic

A

Compromising melody and accompaniment that works in harmony together

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4
Q

Melody and accompaniment

A

Clearly distinguishable between main melody line and the accompaniment

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5
Q

Texture

A

The number of parts and how they relate to eachother

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6
Q

Call and response

A

Succession of 2 distinct phrases usually played by different musicians where second phrase is a response to the first

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7
Q

Canon

A

Musical structure in which the melody in one part is repeated exactly by other parts one after the other

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8
Q

Imitation

A

Separate parts imitating eachother (if identical then its canon)

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9
Q

Unison

A

All layers are moving and playing together

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10
Q

Chorus

A

Important part of song that repeats

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11
Q

Conjunct

A

Music moving in a step like motion

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12
Q

Disjunct

A

Music moves in leaps or intervals larger than 2nd

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13
Q

Sequence

A

Immediate repetition of melodic harmonic idea at a different pitch or a succession of different pitches - can be ascending or descending

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14
Q

Ornamentation

A

Decoration in melodies - e.g mordent, acciaccatura, turn, trill

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15
Q

Syllabic

A

Singing each syllable of text on a single note

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16
Q

Melismatic

A

Singing a single syllable of text while moving between several notes

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17
Q

Trill

A

Rapidly alternating between 2 notes_---

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18
Q

Mordent

A

Ornament in which the not written is played followed by the one above then the original again -

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19
Q

Acciaccatura

A

Note played as quickly as possible before main note (crush note)

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20
Q

Appoggiatura

A

Note of short or long duration that temporarily that temporarily displaces and subsequently revolves into main note

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21
Q

Turn

A

Starts on original note, note above, original, note below, original
- inverted turn is the other way round

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22
Q

Motion

A

Direction melody is moving in

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23
Q

Periodic phrasing

A

Structure of 2 consecutive phrases, often built of similar or parallel melodic material, first phrase gives impression of a question which is answered by a second phrase

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24
Q

Range

A

Distance from lowest and highest pitch

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25
Parallel motion
When notes move parallel to eachother
26
Diatonic
Notes or chords belonging in specific key
27
Chromatic
Music in which notes are used that are not in the key
28
Cadence
2 chords at the end of the musical phrase - perfect - 5-1 - plagal - 4-1 - imperfect - 1-? - interupted - 5-6
29
Drone
Sustained note held in one part while the other parts play or sing melodies against it, harmony stays the same
30
Harmonic
Relates to harmony parts
31
Pedal note
Pedal that when pressed causes note to linger while harmony changes around it
32
Extended chord
Chord in which diatonic notes other than 7th are added on top of the triad
33
Dissonance
Notes that clash in a chord
34
Consanants
Sounds nice in the chord
35
Thirds
Notes 3 apart
36
Primary triads
Notes made up of 3 notes
37
Backbeats
Beat 2 and 4
38
Hemiola
Music device giving the impression of speeding up, triplets to quavers
39
Augmentation
Doubling or more of note values
40
Anacrusis
An upbeat - accented note or group of notes that comes before the first beat or phrase
41
Diminished
Notes made smaller by a semitone
42
Syncopation
Placing accents in parts of the bar that arent normally emphasised e.g between beats or on weak beats, accent comes off beat
43
Dotted rhythm
Rhythm in which the beat is unequally subdivided into a longer dotted note and a short note
44
Scotch snap
Short accented note followed by a longer note
45
Push rhythm
When you change the chord on the "and" of beat 4 instead of beat 1
46
Cross rhythm
Conflicting rhythms - e.g groups of 3 with groups of 2 playing simultaneously
47
Polyrhythmic
Texture made of different rhythms
48
Symphony
Large - scale genre for orchestra in 3 or 4 movements
49
Concerto
Musical piece for a solo instrument or instruments accompanied by an orchestra
50
Ternary
3 part structre in ABA form where B section provides contrast
51
Atonal
Absence of tonality - key
52
Blue note
Note usually 3rd, 5th, 7th degree of major scale performed at a slightly lower pitch (flattened) for expressive effect
53
Compound time signature
Beat is dotted and subdivides into groups of 3 e.g 6/8
54
Inversion
Method of developing series by turning all intervals upside down, e.g up a fifth goes down a fifth
55
Pentatonic scale
Scale built of 5 notes - 1,2,3,5,6
56
Pivot note
Note common to both keys being used and used to pivot between them
57
resultant melody
New melody produced when different parts play their ownj melodies together
58
Retrograde
Developing series by reversing the order pitches are heard with same durations
59
Retrograde inversion
Reversing order pitches are played with same duration while turning intervals upside down on top
60
Reverb
Effect used to alter music so it sounds as if it was recorded in a echoey place
61
Distortion
Digital effect of altering sound so it becomes rougherand harsher, dirty sounding
62
Panning
- used in stereo recordings to control where sound is coming from e.g in speakers it sounds like it is coming from one side then moves to the other
63
Word painting
Use of musical devices to illustrate and highlight specific words i the lyrics
64
Arco
Standard violin playing - using bow
65
Pizzicato
Plucking violin strings
66
Double stopping
Playing 2 or more notes on violin at once
67
Tremolo
Moving violin bow back and forth on singke note quickly
68
Con sord
Muting violin, putting something on bridge to do so
69
Con legno
Using wood of bow to play violin

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