Keywords

Question 1

Abrasion

Answer 1

•Rocks carried along by the sea
•River wear down the cliffs
•Banks using a sandpaper effect

Question 2

Attrition

Answer 2

Rocks being carried by the sea smash together and break into smaller, smoother and rounder pieces

Question 3

Backwash

Answer 3

Water that flows back towards the sea after the swash has moved up-shore

Question 4

Biological Weathering

Answer 4

A type of weathering caused by flora and fauna, such as plant roots growing in cracks in the rock or animals burrowing into weak rocks

Question 5

Chemical Weathering

Answer 5

The breakdown of rock caused by a chemical change within that rock due to, for example, acid rain

Question 6

Constructive Waves

Answer 6

A powerful wave with a strong swash that surges up a beach

Question 7

Destructive Waves

Answer 7

A wave formed by a storm that crashes down onto a beach and has a powerful backwash

Question 8

Fetch

Answer 8

The distance of open water which the wind can blow

Question 9

Freeze-Thaw Weathering

Answer 9

A process of weathering in a cold/wet environment involving repeated cycles of freezing and thawing that can make cracks in rock bigger

Question 10

Hydraulic Action

Answer 10

Process where breaking waves compress pockets of air in cracks in a cliff; the pressure may cause the cracks to widen, breaking off rock

Question 11

Physical Weathering

Answer 11

Physical break up of exposed rock, i.e. freeze-thaw

Question 12

Solution

Answer 12

The dissolving of rocks such as limestone and chalk by sea/river water

Question 13

Swash

Answer 13

The forward movement of a wave up a beach