Keywords 2 - Communication and Internet Technologies

Question 1

Bit rate

Answer 1

The rate at which data is transferred

Question 2

Serial transmission

Answer 2

Using a single wire to transmit data

Question 3

Parallel transmission

Answer 3

Using multiple wires to transmit data

Question 4

Interference

Answer 4

Disturbances that can occur in the signals when sending data that may disrupt transmission

Question 5

USB

Answer 5

Universal Serial Bus, a high speed data transmission method

Question 6

IC

Answer 6

Integrated Circuit

Question 7

Microprocessor

Answer 7

A small computer built in to devices at the point of manufacture (e.g. washing machine, microwave)

Question 8

Simplex transmission

Answer 8

Sending data in one direction at a time

Question 9

Duplex transmission

Answer 9

Sending data in both directions at the same time

Question 10

Half-duplex transmission

Answer 10

Sending data in both directions, but only one direction at a time

Question 11

Checksum

Answer 11

A simple method of error detection in which the checksum confirms whether the same number of bits have been transmitted and received

Question 12

Parity check

Answer 12

An error detection method which uses a parity bit to check that data has been sent and received accurately

Question 13

Parity bit

Answer 13

The last bit of data on a packet which is used to check that data has been sent and received accurately

Question 14

Check digit

Answer 14

An error detection method used on identification numbers (e.g. barcodes, ISBN, bank account numbers)

Question 15

Automatic repeat request (ARQ)

Answer 15

A set of rules for error control when sending data

Question 16

Hacker

Answer 16

A person who tries to gain unauthorised access to a computer system

Question 17

Malware

Answer 17

A software program designed to damage or disrupt a computer system

Question 18

Virus

Answer 18

A software program designed to corrupt a computer and the files on it

Question 19

Spyware

Answer 19

A software program that collects user’s information through their internet connection

Question 20

Hacking

Answer 20

Gained unauthorised access to a computer system

Question 21

Black hat hacker

Answer 21

A hacker who gains unlawful access to a computer system

Question 22

White hat hacker

Answer 22

A hacker who gains lawful access to a computer system to expose security problems (usually at the request of an organisation)

Question 23

Firewall

Answer 23

A system that protects unauthorised access to or from a computer or network

Question 24

Modem

Answer 24

A hardware device that converts data so that it can be transmitted from computer to computer over telephone wires

Question 25

Browser

Answer 25

A program used to access the World Wide Web that displays HTML files

Question 26

Packet

Answer 26

A unit of data that can be sent across a network

Question 27

Protocol

Answer 27

An agreed format or set of rules for transmitting data

Question 28

HTTP

Answer 28

HyperText Transfer Protocol

Question 29

HTTPS

Answer 29

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (encrypted)

Question 30

TCP

Answer 30

Transmission Control Protocol

Question 31

DDOS attack

Answer 31

Distributed Denial of Service attack

Question 32

HTML

Answer 32

HyperText Markup Language

Question 33

CSS

Answer 33

Cascading Style Sheets

Question 34

Hypertext

Answer 34

Text that conveys information and also contains a link to other informationn (e.g. webpafge, audio, video, image)

Question 35

IP address

Answer 35

The network address for a device

Question 36

URL

Answer 36

Uniform Resource Locator (the web address)

Question 37

MAC address

Answer 37

Media Access Control address (the unique and permanent hardware address of a device, assigned by the manufacturer)

Question 38

Cookie

Answer 38

A tiny piece of data downloaded by a computer when it visits a website