Keywords

Question 0

State of matter

Answer 0

Solid, liquid, gas. (plasma)

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

Movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

Question 2

Particle theory

Answer 2

A theory that describes the arrangements and movement of particles in solids, liquids and gases.

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

Smallest particle of matter.

Question 4

Compound.

Answer 4

A substance made of multiple elements.

Question 5

Group

Answer 5

A vertical column on the periodic table.

Elements in the same group have similar properties.

Question 6

Period

Answer 6

Horizontal rows on periodic table.

Question 7

Property

Answer 7

Characteristics of the substance.

E.g appearance, conductor, malleable.

Question 8

Element

Answer 8

A substance that is made up of only one type of atom.

E.g carbon, H2 gas, iron.

Question 8

Compound #2

Answer 8

Contains more than 1 type of atom chemically joined together in a fixed ratio. The properties of a compound are different to the properties of an element.
E.g NaCl

Question 9

Mixture

Answer 9

Contains a mixture of elements and/or compounds in any ratio. The properties of the separate elements are retained
E.g salt water, air

Question 10

Thermal decomposition.

Answer 10

When a substance is broken down into simpler substances using heat.

Question 11

Limewater

Answer 11

The test for carbon dioxide. Bubble the gas (CO2) through it & it will turn cloudy.

Question 12

Electrolysis.

Answer 12

The decomposition of a compound into simpler substances by electricity.

Question 13

Anode

Answer 13

The positive electrode

Question 14

Cathode

Answer 14

The negative electrode

Question 15

Electrolyte

Answer 15

The solution containing ions to be electrolysed

Question 16

Ions

Answer 16

A charged particle

Question 17

What is a proton.

Answer 17

A protons is a positively charged particle in the nucleus with a mass of “1”

Question 18

What is a neutron.

Answer 18

A particle found in the nucleus of the atom with a mass of “1” and no charge.

Question 19

What is an electron.

Answer 19

Very small negatively charged particles found in the nucleus in a shell.

Question 20

What is a nucleus.

Answer 20

The centre of the atom that contains protons and neutrons.

Question 21

Electronic arrangement

Answer 21

The electrons are arranged I’m shells or energy levels. They can hold 2 or 8 electrons.

Question 22

Atomic mass

Answer 22

The number of protons and the numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 23

Atomic number

Answer 23

The number of protons (same as number of electrons)

Question 24

Isotope

Answer 24

An element with the same number of protons BUT a different number of neutrons (therefore a different atomic mass

Question 25

Combustion

Answer 25

Combustion occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy mainly in the form of heat and light. Combustion is an oxidation reaction. The substance burnt gains oxygen and gets heavier.

Question 26

Corrosion

Answer 26

The formation of a compound on the surface of a metal.

Question 27

Rusting

Answer 27

Corrosion of iron or steel.

Question 28

Rust

Answer 28

Hydrated iron oxide.

Question 29

Sacrificial protection

Answer 29

When a metal more reactive than iron is bolted onto steel structures and corrodes instead of the steel.

Question 30

Galvanising

Answer 30

Protecting the iron by dipping it into molten zinc.

Question 31

Oxidation

Answer 31

When a substance gains oxygen e.g iron going rusty

Question 32

Reduction

Answer 32

When a substance loses oxygen.

Question 33

Neutralisation

Answer 33

The reaction of an acid with a base or alkali or carbonate.

Question 34

Acid

Answer 34

Substance (solution) which has a pH below 7. | E.g nitric acid

Question 35

Base

Answer 35

Substance or solution that will neutralise an acid and has a pH above 7. E.g copper oxide (base), potassium hydroxide.

Question 36

Alkali

Answer 36

Soluble base- it is a base that dissolves in water. | E.g sodium hydroxide.

Question 37

Salt

Answer 37

A neutral substance containing a metal and non-metal part. | E.g sodium chloride.

Question 38

Acid + Alkali -->

Answer 38

Salt + Water

Question 39

Acid + Base -->

Answer 39

Salt + Water

Question 40

Acid + Metal -->

Answer 40

Salt + Hydrogen

Question 41

Acid + Carbonate -->

Answer 41

Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

Question 42

Hydrochloride acid (formula)

Answer 42

HCL

Question 43

Sulphuric acid

Answer 43

H2SO4

Question 44

Nitric acid

Answer 44

HNO3

Question 45

What is one way of making an acid more acidic?

Answer 45

Doubling the amount of Hydrogen.

Question 46

Name a metal which would not react with an acid to produce hydrogen.

Answer 46

Copper