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Histology > Kidney > Flashcards

Kidney Flashcards

1
Q

Kidney is covered by

A

Thin fibrous capsule

Dense irregular collagen fibres

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2
Q

Medulla contains how many renal pyramids

A

8-12

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3
Q

The base of the pyramid is directed toward the ——- and apex is directed towards ____

A

Cortex

Minor Calyx—pelvis

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4
Q

Striations of pyramids are because of

A

Loop of henle
Collecting tubules
Duct of bellini

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5
Q

Cortex consist of

A

Renal columns

Cortical arches/ lobules

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6
Q

One pyramid is surrounded by a shell of Cortex called

A

Lobe of kidney

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7
Q

Area of cortical arch bounded on each side by interlobular blood vessels with central medullary rays is known as

A

Lobule of kidney

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8
Q

Secreting part of kidney develops from

A

Metanephric blastema

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9
Q

Collecting part of kidney develops from

A

Uretèric bud - collecting tubule and duct of Bellini

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10
Q

Between two layers of glomerular capsule there is a ——- which is continuous with lumen of renal tubule

A

Urinary space

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11
Q

The type of capillaries of glomérulus

A

Fenestrated capillaries

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12
Q

Afférent and efferent artériole approximated to form —- of renal corpuscle

A

Vascular pole

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13
Q

Capsule is suspended by

A

Mésentery derived from visceral layer of capsule

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14
Q

Mésentèry contains ———

A

Mesangium

Made up of Mesangial cells

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15
Q

Mesangial cells play a role in

A

Phagocytosis
Support to glomerulus
Filaments like Myosin and angiotensin 2 receptors — fibrils contract

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16
Q

Mesangial cells become prominent in

A

Glomerulonephritis

17
Q

Parietal Layer of Bowman’s capsule is lined by

A

Flattened epithelial cells in basement membrane

18
Q

The visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule is lined by

A

Polyhedral cells called podocytes

19
Q

The podocytes are separated from the basement membrane by

A

Filtrate filled spaces

20
Q

The podocytes have

A

Major / primary process - parallel to basement membrane

21
Q

Each major process has numerous ————-

A

Secondary process / pedicels or foot plate

22
Q

The pedicels or adjacent podocytes interdigitate and form spaces called ———- covered by ———-

A

Filtration slit

Slit diaphragm

23
Q

Glomérular basement membrane

A

Central dense layer- lamina densa

Inner and outer layers lamina rara interna and externa

24
Q

——- separates blood in the capillaries from the urinary space

A

Glomerular filtration Barrier

25
Q

Glomerular filtration barrier is composed of

A

Fenestrated endothelium of capillaries
Glomerular basement membrane
Pedicels of podocytes

26
Q

The junction of pct with glomerular capsule is called —- and lined by———-

A

Neck

Simple squamous epithelium as it’s continuous with glomérular capsule

27
Q

PCT is lined by

A

Cuboidal cells on basement membrane
Acidophilic cytoplasm
Microvilli brush border
Central nuclei

28
Q

The descending limb of loop of henle (thin segment)

A

Squamous epithelium

Diameter of 15um

29
Q

Ascending limb thick segment

A

30um diameter

Cuboidal epithelium

30
Q

The terminal part of DCT is called ———- which joins collecting duct

A

Junctional tubule

Collecting tubule

31
Q

DCT is lined by

A

Cuboidal epithelium without brush border

32
Q

The collecting tubules pass through medullary rays receive many junctional tubules and enter the pyramids as

A

Ducts of Bellini

33
Q

Collecting tubule and duct of Bellini lined by

A

Cuboidal epithelium

34
Q

The walls of cortical and medullary collecting tubules are lined by

A

Principal cells/ clear cells
Sodium réabsorption and ADH induced water réabsorption
Few microvilli

Dark cells/ intercalated cells
More microvilli
Acid secretion and bicarbonate transport

35
Q

Juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of

A

Macula densa of DCT
Juxtaglomerular cells of afférent artériole
Lacis cells / cells of polkissen/ extraglomerular mesangial cells

36
Q

Macula densa are modified cells of ——- near afférent artériole

A

DCt

37
Q

Wall of DCt in contact with afferent artériole - lining cells are —-

A

Columnar-macula densa

38
Q

Macula densa function

A

Monitor ionic concentration of fluid passing across tubule

Influence release of renin by jg cells

39
Q

Smooth muscle cells located in tunica media of afférent glomerular artérioles

A

JG cells
Contractile
Epitheliod with spherical nuclei

Histology (3 decks)

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