Kidney, Diaph, and Post Ab Wall

Question 1

Where does the superior pole of the left kidney lie?

Answer 1

Level of 11th rib

Question 2

Where does the superior pole of the right kidney lie?

Answer 2

12th rib

Question 3

What is an ectopic pelvic kidney?

Answer 3

Kidney may remain ant. to sacrum

Question 4

What is a horseshoe kidney?

Answer 4

Kidney may be found below inferior mesenteric artery

Question 5

Where is a transplanted kidney usually placed? How is it supplied?

Answer 5

In lower abdomen supplied by iliac vessels

Question 6

What is the external covering of the kidney?

Answer 6

External capsule

Question 7

What is the outer 1/3 of the kidney?

Answer 7

Renal cortex

Question 8

What is the inner 2/3 of the kidney

Answer 8

Renal Medulla (consists of renal pyramids containing urine)

Question 9

What receives tips of renal pyramids?

Answer 9

Renal papillae

Question 10

Where do renal papillae empty?

Answer 10

Minor calyces

Question 11

Where do minor calyces empty?

Answer 11

Major calyces

Question 12

Where do major calyces drain?

Answer 12

Renal pelvis

Question 13

Where does the renal pelvis drain?

Answer 13

Ureter

Question 14

What is the ureter’s position relative to the gonadal vessels when they cross?

Answer 14

The ureter is posterior to the gonadal vessels

Question 15

What is the shape of the right adrenal gland?

Answer 15

triangular (lies superior to right kidney and posterior to ivc)

Question 16

What is the shape of the left adrenal gland?

Answer 16

Semilunar (Lies superior/medial to left kidney near hilum)

Question 17

What part of the adrenal glands produce adrenal steroids?

Answer 17

Adrenal cortex (external part)

Question 18

What part of the adrenal glands act as sympathetic ganglion?

Answer 18

Adrenal medulla (inner part)

Question 19

What provides motor innervation to the diaphragm?

Answer 19

Phrenic nn. supplies right and left hemidiaphragms

Question 20

What provides sensory fibers to the diaphragm?

Answer 20

Intercostal nn.

Question 21

What is the opening of the diaphragm for IVC? Where does this occur?

Answer 21

Vena caval foramen @ T8

Question 22

What is theopening of the diaphragm for the esophagus? Where does this occur?

Answer 22

Esophageal hiatus @ T10

Question 23

What is the opening of the diaphragm for the aorta? Where does this occur?

Answer 23

Aortic hiatus @ T12

Question 24

Where is the median arcuate ligament found?

Answer 24

Arches over the aorta

Question 25

Where are the medial arcuate ligaments found?

Answer 25

Arch over psoas major mm.

Question 26

Where are the lateral arcuate ligaments found?

Answer 26

Arch over quadratus lumborum mm.

Question 27

What vessels supply the superior surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 27

Pericardiacophrenic and superior phrenic aa.

Question 28

What vessels supply the inferior surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 28

Inferior phrenic aa. (from abdominal aorta)

Question 29

What vessels supply the periphery of the diaphragm?

Answer 29

Musculophrenic aa. (from internal thoracic aa.)

Question 30

What are the 4 pairs of branches from the aorta (before it splits) taht supply the posterior abdominal mm.?

Answer 30

Lumbar aa.

Question 31

Which lumbar plexus nerve is T12?

Answer 31

Subcostal Nerve

Question 32

Where does the subcostal nerve run?

Answer 32

1 cm inferior to rib 12

Question 33

What does the subcostal nerve supply?

Answer 33

Sensory to ant./lat. abdominal wall and motor to abdominal mm.

Question 34

What is L1?

Answer 34

Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal nerves

Question 35

What does iliohypogastric n. supply?

Answer 35

Skin of suprapubic region

Question 36

What nerve pierces psoas major m. and descends along its anterior surface?

Answer 36

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 37

What cord levels make up the genitofemoral nerve?

Answer 37

L1-L2

Question 38

What are the branches and their relationship of the genitofemoral nerve?

Answer 38

Genital branch (medial) and femoral branch (lateral)

Question 39

What nerve descends anterior to iliacus m.?

Answer 39

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 40

From what cord level does lateral femoral cutaneous nerve arise?

Answer 40

L2-L3

Question 41

What does lateral femoral cutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 41

Anterior/Lateral skin of thigh

Question 42

What nerve runs between iliacus and psoas major mm.?

Answer 42

Femoral Nerve

Question 43

From what cord level does the femoral nerve arise?

Answer 43

L2-L4

Question 44

What does the femoral nerve supply?

Answer 44

Sensory and motor to anterior thigh

Question 45

What muscle runs medial to psoas major m.?

Answer 45

Obturator nerve

Question 46

From what cord level does obturator nerve arise?

Answer 46

L2-L4

Question 47

What does obturator nerve supply?

Answer 47

Sensory and motor innervation to medial thigh

Question 48

What large nerve crosses over the ala of sacrum?

Answer 48

Lumbosacral trunk

Question 49

From what cord level does the lumbosacral trunk arise?

Answer 49

L4-L5