Kidney/Gastro Flashcards
(56 cards)
Chronic kid disease
prog loss of renal function persisting for more than 3 months
Chronic kidney disease cause
diabetes, htn, Chronic glomerulonephritis Polycystic kidney disease
Chronic kid disease Pathophysiology
Progressive destruction/deterioration of nephrons Hypertrophy of remaining nephrons to compensate Homeostasis preserved until >50% nephron destruction
Best measure of overall kidney function
GFR
in early kidney disease, patients are
asymptomatic - 50% nephron destruction before symptoms
Chronic kid disease progression
nitrogenous waste builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms.
Kidneys perform fewer excretory, endocrine, metabolic functions. This is where patients get their symptoms.
Chronic kid disease conservative care
decrease nitrogenous waste intake (diet), manage HTN, manage fluids, electrolytes, Na, K.
Stage 1 and Stage 2 has more
conservative care
—— and —— are two major contributing factors
HTN, Diabetes
Stage 3 treatment
More aggressive conservative care.
Dialysis for
some stage 4 (depends on how pt is doing, risk factors), all for stage 5.
Hemodialysis done every
2-3 days for 3-4 hours per session. In between sessions, life is pretty normal. Day after is the best day for dental tx.
—– injected during dialysis process
heparin.
20% of US patients on
peritoneal dialysis
—— surgically created in forearm for hemodialysis
AV fistula. DO NOT EVER USE IT.
Avoid/adjust dosage of nephrotoxic drugs and those excreted by the kidneys if GFR < —-
60
No BP cuff on arm with
AV shunt.
If AV shunt infected, it will likely be a
staph infection
Peptic ulcer disease is
chronic.
Most peptic ulcers tend to be in the
duodenum.
Most common cause of peptic ulcer disease
Heliobactor pylori
Heliobactor pylori hang out
where the gastric epithelium meets the overlying mucous.
H pylori produces a —– that hyrdrolyzes urea to ammonia and CO2
urease
H pylori - host inflammatory response to —- causes damage
ammonia
