Kidney's-Structure and Nephrons Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the functional units of the kidney?
Nephron
How many nephrons in each kidney?
1 million
What are the other 3 organs/tracts which are closely involved with the kidneys?
-Urethra
-Ureter
-Bladder
What is the ureter?
Tube which connects kidneys to bladder
What is the urethra?
Tube in which urine leaves the body
What are the main features of the kidney?
-Renal:Cortex,Medulla,Pyramids, Columns,Artery,Vein,Capsule, Helum, Pelvis
-Interlobular arterioles and venules
-Veins
-Ureter
-Nephron
What makes up the (renal) medulla?
(renal) pyramids
What does the (renal) vein carry?
deO2 blood that’s been filtered
What does the (renal) artery carry?
O2 blood that needs filtering
What is the first stage of blood flow around the nephron?
Blood enter via renal artery
What is the second stage of blood flow around the nephron?
Travels through afferent arteriole into the glomerulus
What is the glomerulus made out of?
Glomerular capillaries
Where is the Glomerulus?
Inside the Bowmans Capsule
What is the third stage of blood flow around the nephron?
Blood then flow through the efferent arteriole into the capillaries
What is the difference between the efferent and afferent arterioles?
efferent and narrower than afferent
What is the fourth stage of blood flow around the nephron?
Blood leaves nephron via the renal vein
What happens in the Bowmans Capsule?
Ultrafiltration
Where does selective re-absorption happen?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
What do the cells which line the PCT have?
Microvili
Where does salt adjustment happen?
Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
What differs in the DCT from PCT?
DCT has no microvili
What does the collecting duct do?
Adjusts how much H2O is reabsorbed into blood by using ADH
What 2 things make up the Loop of Henle?
Ascending and descending limb
What does the Loop of Henle do?
Reabsorbs most H2O back into blood
